{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T06:44:54Z","timestamp":1776753894806,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429142400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015000555_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To summarize the recommendations on folate intake and folic acid supplementation and fortification in the periconceptional period, aimed at prevention of neural tube defects (NTD), provided by official health organizations in different countries worldwide and WHO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015000555_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information on recommendations for folate and folic acid intake in the periconceptional period was gathered from the websites of official national health organizations of several countries worldwide and from the WHO website.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015000555_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>WHO, selected developed countries and emerging economies, totalling thirty-six countries worldwide (some European, BRICS, G8, Asian Tiger\/Asian Dragon and Australia).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015000555_abs4\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recommendations differ between countries, although the majority (69\u00b74 %) recommend a healthy diet plus a folic acid supplement of 400 \u00b5g\/d from preconception (4\u201312 weeks) until the end of the first trimester of pregnancy (8\u201312 weeks). The same recommendation is issued by the WHO. Dosages for women at high risk of NTD are up to 4\u20135 mg\/d (for 41\u00b77 % of studied countries). The recommended intake for folate is in the range of 300\u2013400 \u00b5g\/d for women of childbearing age and 500\u2013600 \u00b5g\/d for pregnant women in different countries and WHO. Five countries emphasize the importance of a healthy diet rendering supplementation needless. By contrast, five others advise a healthy diet and supplementation plus mandatory fortification. Only one mentions the importance of ensuring an adequate folate status and refers to checking with a health-care provider on the need for supplements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015000555_abs5\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different recommendations regarding folate and folic acid, seeking NTD prevention, are available worldwide; however, most countries and WHO focus on a healthy diet and folic acid supplementation of 400 \u00b5g\/d periconceptionally.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980015000555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T05:23:33Z","timestamp":1436851413000},"page":"176-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Folate and folic acid in the periconceptional period: recommendations from official health organizations in thirty-six countries worldwide and WHO"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elisabete","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref104","unstructured":"Folkehelseinstituttet (2014) Folat \u2013 Folattilskudd og svangerskap faktaark. http:\/\/www.fhi.no\/eway\/default.aspx?pid=239&trg=List_6212&Main_6157=6263:0:25,6665&MainContent_6263=6464:0:25,6667&List_6212=6218:0:25,6685:1:0:0:::0:0 (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref122","unstructured":"(Food and Drug Administration) (2009) https:\/\/consumer.fda.gov.tw\/Files\/eweekly\/%E7%AC%AC213%E6%9C%9F%E6%A0%B8%E5%AE%9A%E7%A8%BF.doc (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref119","unstructured":"Office F\u00e9d\u00e9ral de la Sant\u00e9 Publique (2014) http:\/\/www.bag.admin.ch\/suchen\/index.html?lang=fr&keywords=grossesse+folate&search_mode=AND&from_day=&from_month=&from_year=&to_day=&to_month=&to_year=&column=&dokumenttyp=&site_mode=extern&nsb_mode=yes&Submit=rechercher#volltextsuche (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref124","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (1998) Dietary Reference Intakes. http:\/\/www.iom.edu\/Activities\/Nutrition\/SummaryDRIs\/~\/media\/Files\/Activity%20Files\/Nutrition\/DRIs\/New%20Material\/2_%20RDA%20and%20AI%20Values_Vitamin%20and%20Elements.pdf (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref118","unstructured":"Schweizerische Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Ern\u00e4hrung, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Suisse de Nutrition, Societ\u00e0 Svizzera di Nutrizione (2012) L\u2019alimentation de la femme enceinte. http:\/\/www.sge-ssn.ch\/media\/medialibrary\/2012\/06\/feuille_d_info_alimentation_de_la_femme_enceinte_2011.pdf (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref115","unstructured":"Ministerio de Sanidad Pol\u00edtica Social e Igualdad (2006) Gu\u00eda para la Prevenci\u00f3n de Defectos Cong\u00e9nitos. http:\/\/www.msssi.gob.es\/profesionales\/prestacionesSanitarias\/publicaciones\/docs\/GuiaPrevencionDDCC.pdf (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref127","unstructured":"Women\u2019s Health (2014) Folic acid fact sheet. http:\/\/www.womenshealth.gov\/publications\/our-publications\/fact-sheet\/folic-acid.html (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref61","unstructured":"National Health and Medical Research Council (2013) Australian Dietary Guidelines. http:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/_files_nhmrc\/publications\/attachments\/n55_australian_dietary_guidelines_0.pdf (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref99","unstructured":"Medicine \u2013 Latvijas veselibas portals (2013) Folijsk\u0101be gr\u016btniec\u012bbas laik\u0101. http:\/\/www.medicine.lv\/raksti\/folijskabe-grutniecibas-laika (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref93","unstructured":"Directorate of Health (2007) F\u00f3lat. http:\/\/www.landlaeknir.is\/servlet\/file\/store93\/item2792\/version7\/3252.pdf (accessed December 2014)."},{"key":"S1368980015000555_ref83","unstructured":"Ravijuhend (2014) Foolhape \u2013 mis ja milleks? 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