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In this context, this study focused on the comparison of the two most common acquisition methods: bright field and phase-contrast microscopy. Images were acquired from seven different wastewater treatment plants for a combined period of two years. Advantages and disadvantages of each acquisition technique and the results are discussed. Bright field microscopy proved to be more simple and inexpensive and provided the best overall results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1431927609991358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,26]],"date-time":"2010-01-26T10:25:11Z","timestamp":1264501511000},"page":"166-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["A Comparison between Bright Field and Phase-Contrast Image Analysis Techniques in Activated Sludge Morphological Characterization"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"D.P.","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"O.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.L.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.C.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2009.03.023"},{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2004.0471","article-title":"Monitoring activated sludge settling properties using image analysis","volume":"50","author":"Jenn\u00e9","year":"2004","journal-title":"Water Sci Technol"},{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.01.017"},{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2001.0397","article-title":"Automated monitoring of activated sludge in a pilot plant using image analysis","volume":"43","author":"da Motta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Water Sci Technol"},{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2004.12.061"},{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ESE-120023328"},{"key":"S1431927609991358_ref002","unstructured":"Amaral A.L. (2003). Image analysis in biotechnological processes: Applications to wastewater treatment. Ph.D. Thesis, Braga, Portugal. 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