{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T10:33:36Z","timestamp":1776854016018,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529366400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microsc Microanal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The exposure to solar radiation (mainly due to the action of ultraviolet radiation) is one of the main causes for the premature failure of many polymeric materials, including the geotextiles. In this work, a nonwoven polypropylene geotextile (stabilized with a known amount of a hindered amine light stabilizer) was exposed to ultraviolet-aging tests, both in the laboratory (accelerated conditions) and outdoors (natural conditions). The damage occurred in the geotextile (caused by the ultraviolet-aging tests) was evaluated quantitatively (by monitoring changes in its mass per unit area, thickness, and tensile properties) and qualitatively (by scanning electron microscopy). The results, among other findings, showed that: (1) the ultraviolet-aging tests (both in the laboratory and outdoors) induced relevant damage in the polypropylene fibers of the geotextile (transverse cracks), leading to the deterioration of its tensile behavior, (2) the amount of degradation increased with the increase of the ultraviolet radiant energy, (3) the laboratory tests caused a faster deterioration of the polypropylene fibers than the outdoor tests, and (4) the degradation found by scanning electron microscopy in the polypropylene fibers correlated well with the deterioration occurred in the tensile behavior of the geotextile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1431927618000430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T12:12:31Z","timestamp":1529410351000},"page":"196-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Evaluation of the Resistance of a Polypropylene Geotextile Against Ultraviolet Radiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ricardo","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo Joaquim","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria de Lurdes","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref20","volume-title":"Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers","author":"Montgomery","year":"2010"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/SECM.2011.047"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref1","first-page":"428","volume-title":"Plastic Additives \u2013 An A-Z Reference","author":"Allen","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.067"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref16","volume-title":"The Geotextiles and Geomembranes Manual","author":"Ingold","year":"1994"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref10","volume-title":"Textiles \u2013 Test Methods for Nonwovens. Part 3: Determination of Tensile Strength and Elongation","year":"1992"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref23","unstructured":"Valente IM , Carneiro JR , Almeida PJ Lopes ML (2010) Chemical studies about the durability of polypropylene geotextiles. In: Proceedings of the 9 th International Conference on Geosynthetics, pp. 785\u2013788. S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil: IGS-Brazil."},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref21","volume-title":"Geosynthetics and Geosystems in Hydraulic and Coastal Engineering","author":"Pilarczyk","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geotexmem.2013.07.004"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref18","volume-title":"Polypropylene \u2013 The Definitive User\u2019s Guide and Databook","author":"Maier","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref14","volume-title":"Durability of Geosynthetics","author":"Greenwood","year":"2016"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref12","volume-title":"Geosynthetics \u2013 Test Method for the Determination of Mass Per Unit Area of Geotextiles and Geotextile-Related Products","year":"2005"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref11","volume-title":"Geosynthetics \u2013 Determination of Thickness at Specified Pressures. Part 1: Single Layers","year":"2005"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref22","unstructured":"Schoors LV Farcas F (2015) Representativeness of polypropylene geotextiles\u2019 ageing methods: State of art. In: 10\u00e8mes Rencontres G\u00e9osynthetiques, pp. 43\u201352. La Rochelle, France: IGS-France."},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.10.001"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref9","volume-title":"Geosynthetic Barriers \u2013 Characteristics Required for Use in the Construction of Canals","year":"2013"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref2","unstructured":"Arti\u00e8res O , Gaumet S Bloquet C (1998) Prediction of the UV ageing of polypropylene geotextiles \u2013 Landfills case. In: Proceedings of the 6 th International Conference on Geosynthetics, Rowe RK (Ed.), vol. 1, pp. 393\u2013398. Atlanta, GA: Industrial Fabrics Association International."},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref7","unstructured":"Carneiro JR , Almeida PJ Lopes ML (2017) Effect of antioxidants and UV stabilisers in the resistance of polypropylene geotextiles against oxidation: The case of Chimassorb 944. In: Proceedings of the 3 rd African Regional Conference on Geosynthetics, pp. 301\u2013310. Marrakech, Morocco: IGS-Morocco."},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref3","unstructured":"Carneiro JR (2009) Durability of geosynthetics in environmental structures \u2013 The importance of chemical additives. PhD Thesis in Environmental Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal (in Portuguese)."},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021148205366"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geotexmem.2005.11.002"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00032711003783093"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carneiro JR , Almeida PJ Lopes ML (2009) Natural weathering of geosynthetics in Portugal. In: Proceedings of the XVII International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Hamza M, Shahien M, El-Mossallamy Y (Eds.), vol. 1, pp. 901\u2013904. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: IOS Press.","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-60750-031-5-901"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref15","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Plastic Additives Handbook","author":"Gugumus","year":"2009"},{"key":"S1431927618000430_ref17","volume-title":"Designing With Geosynthetics","author":"Koerner","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Microscopy and Microanalysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1431927618000430","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,5]],"date-time":"2025-07-05T06:03:45Z","timestamp":1751695425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mam\/article\/25\/1\/196\/6887420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1431927618000430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1431927618000430","relation":{},"ISSN":["1431-9276","1435-8115"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1431-9276","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-8115","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]]}}}