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Digest of Education Statistics, 2019, https:\/\/nces.ed.gov\/programs\/digest\/ (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","unstructured":"National Center\nfor Education Statistics.  Integrated\nPostsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), 2021, https:\/\/nces.ed.gov\/ipeds\/ (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","unstructured":"American Association\nof University Professors.  Data Snapshot:\nIPEDS Data on Full-Time Women Faculty and\nFaculty of Color, 2020. https:\/\/www.aaup.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Dec-2020_Data_Snapshot_Women_and_Faculty_of_Color.pdf (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","unstructured":"Hunt, V.; Layton, D.; Prince, S. Why Diversity Matters, 2015, https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/business-functions\/people-and-organizational-performance\/our-insights\/why-diversity-matters (accessed 2022-04-25)."},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4046"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c01185"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.0c00636"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005134"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014871108"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.8b00642"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","unstructured":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.  Labor Force Statistics from the Current\nPopulation Survey: Employed\npersons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino\nethnicity, 2021, https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cps\/cpsaat11.htm (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","unstructured":"National\nCenter for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities\nin Science and Engineering; NSF 21-321, 2021, https:\/\/ncses.nsf.gov\/pubs\/nsf21321\/ (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2096282"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","unstructured":"Directorate-General for Research and Innovation.  She Figures 2021, the Path Towards Gender Equality in Research\nand Innovation (R&I), 2021, https:\/\/op.europa.eu\/en\/publication-detail\/-\/publication\/61564e1f-d55e-11eb-895a-01aa75ed71a1 (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","unstructured":"Misra, J.; Lundquist, J.; Dahlberg Holmes, E.; Agiomavritis, S. Associate Professors and Gendered Barriers to Advancement, 2010, https:\/\/philosophy.ku.edu\/sites\/philosophy.ku.edu\/files\/docs\/mentoring_documents\/Gendered%20Barriers%20to%20Advancement.pdf (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","unstructured":"American\nAssociation of University Professors.  2021\u201322 Faculty Compensation Survey Results. https:\/\/www.aaup.org\/our-work\/research\/FCS (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","unstructured":"American\nAssociation of University Professors.  Faculty Gender Equity Indicators, 2006, https:\/\/www.aaup.org\/reports-publications\/publications\/see-all\/aaup-faculty-gender-equity-indicators-2006 (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011050226672"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11162-004-1641-2"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00155"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.8b00891"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18833\/spur\/3\/2\/1"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qua.26274"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed079p1038"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ed086p876"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","unstructured":"According to the U.S. National\nScience Foundation Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates\nin Science and Engineering, there are 22,485 graduate students in\nchemistry in the U.S. https:\/\/ncses.nsf.gov\/pubs\/nsf22319\/table\/4-2. If we assume that 37% of them are temporary visa holders (temporary\nvisa percentages taken from physical sciences entry at https:\/\/ncses.nsf.gov\/pubs\/nsf22319\/table\/2-2a), then approximately 14,166 of those graduate students graduated\nfrom US baccalaureate institutions. The median time to doctorate is\n5.8 years, which allows us to assume that of those 14,166 graduate\nstudents there are approximately 6 cohort of class years or 2361 chemistry\ngraduate students per year. The US Department of Education reports\nthat 14,420 B.S. chemists graduated in 2019 https:\/\/nces.ed.gov\/programs\/digest\/d20\/tables\/dt20_325.72.asp, which translates into approximately 16% going on to graduate school."},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","unstructured":"Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning. https:\/\/pogil.org\/ (accessed 08\/05\/2022)."},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/CHNG.39.6.58-C4"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qua.26350"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qua.26383"}],"container-title":["Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00566","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00566","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T02:15:58Z","timestamp":1682475358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00566"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jcim.2c00566","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-9596","1549-960X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1549-9596"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1549-960X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]}}}