{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:00:19Z","timestamp":1791291619322,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]],"date-time":"2016-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":777,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The heterocyclic nitramine compounds, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), are two most important military-purpose high explosives. Differentiation of RDX and HMX with colorimetric methods of determination has not yet been made because of their similar chemical structures. In this study, a sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of RDX and HMX was proposed on the basis of differential kinetics in the hydrolysis of the two compounds (yielding nitrite as a product) followed by their colorimetric determination using 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and naphthylethylene diamine (NED) as coupling agent for azo-dye formation, abbreviated as \u201c4-ATP\u2013AuNP+NED\u201d colorimetric method. After alkaline hydrolysis in a 1 M Na2CO3 + 0.04 M NaOH mixture solution at room temperature, only RDX (but not HMX) was hydrolyzed to give a sufficient colorimetric response in neutralized solution, the molar absorptivity (\u03b5) at 565 nm and the limit of detection (LOD) for RDX being (17.6 \u00b1 1.3) \u00d7 103 L mol\u20131 cm\u20131 and 0.55 \u03bcg mL\u20131, respectively. On the other hand, hot water bath (at 60 \u00b0C) hydrolysis enabled both nitramines, RDX and HMX, to give substantial colorimetric responses; i.e., \u03b5 and LOD for RDX were (32.8 \u00b1 0.5) \u00d7 103 L mol\u20131cm\u20131 and 0.20 \u03bcg mL\u20131 and for HMX were (37.1 \u00b1 2.8) \u00d7 103 L mol\u20131cm\u20131 and 0.24 \u03bcg mL\u20131, respectively. Unlike other AuNP-based nitrite sensors in the literature showing absorbance quenching within a relatively narrow concentration range, the developed sensor operated with an absorbance increase over a wide range of nitrite. Synthetic mixtures of (RDX + HMX) gave additive responses, and the proposed method was statistically validated against HPLC using nitramine mixtures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/ac4032725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,3]],"date-time":"2013-12-03T15:20:22Z","timestamp":1386084022000},"page":"351-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["4-Aminothiophenol Functionalized Gold Nanoparticle-Based\nColorimetric Sensor for the Determination of Nitramine Energetic Materials"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Ays\u0327em","family":"U\u0308zer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University , , Avcilar, ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34320"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziya","family":"Can","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University , , Avcilar, ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34320"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u0307lknur","family":"Ak\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University , , Avcilar, ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34320"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erol","family":"Erc\u0327ag\u0306","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University , , Avcilar, ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34320"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Res\u0327at","family":"Apak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University , , Avcilar, ,","place":["Istanbul, Turkey, 34320"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090300150207800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520313743","volume-title":"LASL Explosive Property\nData","author":"Gibbs","year":"1980"},{"key":"2026090300150207800_cit2","volume-title":"LLNL Explosives Handbook","author":"Dobratz","year":"1981"},{"key":"2026090300150207800_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)01043-8","volume":"909","author":"Groom","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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