{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:13:31Z","timestamp":1792858411286,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008559","name":"Klima- und Energiefonds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["887041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["887041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008559","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004955","name":"\u00d6sterreichische Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["892427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["892427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004955","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008332","name":"TU Graz, Internationale Beziehungen und Mobilit\u00e4tsprogramme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ISO 14687 sets strict impurity limits for hydrogen used across a wide range of applications, including fuel cell road vehicles (Grade D). Ensuring compliance with these thresholds requires precise analytical methods and certified gas standards for each regulated contaminant. However, preparing and maintaining individual reference standards for routine analysis is resource-intensive. To support the use of multicomponent standards in hydrogen purity control, this study examines the time-dependent stability of commercially prepared standards of ISO 14687 Grade D contaminants in hydrogen matrices. Using ion\u2013molecule reaction, electron-impact mass spectrometry, along with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, results show that several inert and semireactive species, including helium, argon, methane, propane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbonyl sulfide, and halogenated compounds, remain stable for over 6 months. Ammonia concentrations stabilized after a 60-day equilibration period of the gas mixture, while oxygen showed inconsistent behavior. Formaldehyde and formic acid exhibited complete signal loss, indicating poor stability in multicomponent mixtures. These findings support the development of reliable multicomponent gas standards and strengthen hydrogen quality control practices under ISO 14687.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c06763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T17:58:49Z","timestamp":1772560729000},"page":"7403-7412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Multicomponent Gas Standards for Hydrogen Purity Analysis\nAccording to ISO 14687 Grade D"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Verena","family":"Reiter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HyCentA Research GmbH , Inffeldgasse 15 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1436-2420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lea A.","family":"Brandner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HyCentA Research GmbH , Inffeldgasse 15 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Scheikl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HyCentA Research GmbH , Inffeldgasse 15 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Tintori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Societa\u2019 Italiana Acetiliene e Derivati S.I.A.D. 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Bernardino, 92 , ,","place":["Bergamo, Italy, I-24126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Sto\u0308hr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HyCentA Research GmbH , Inffeldgasse 15 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Brandsta\u0308tter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HyCentA Research GmbH , Inffeldgasse 15 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Trattner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HyCentA Research GmbH , Inffeldgasse 15 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]},{"name":"Graz University of Technology , , Inffeldgasse 19 , ,","place":["Graz, Austria, A-8010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091715085182000_cit1","volume-title":"ISO 14687: hydrogen\nfuel quality - Product specification","author":"International Organization for Standardization.","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026091715085182000_cit2","volume-title":"CEN\/TS\n17977. Gas Infrastructure - Quality of gas - Hydrogen used in rededicated\ngas systems; 27.075; 75.180.01","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026091715085182000_cit3","volume-title":"DVGW G260:\nGasbeschaffenheit: technische Regel(G260)","author":"Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches e.V DVGW.","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026091715085182000_cit4","volume-title":"Richtlinie G B210 Gasbeschaffenheit","author":"O\u0308sterreichische Vereinigung fu\u0308r das Gas- und Wasserfach - O\u0308VGW.","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026091715085182000_cit5","volume-title":"Richtlinie H E200: Wasserstoffleitungen - Planung, Errichtung\nund Erstpru\u0308fung von Wasserstoffleitungen. 1st ed.(H E200)","author":"O\u0308sterreichische Vereinigung fu\u0308r das Gas- und Wasserfach - O\u0308VGW.","year":"2023"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026091715085182000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6132","DOI":"10.3390\/en13226132","article-title":"Hydrogen Fuel\nCell Road Vehicles and Their Infrastructure: An Option towards an\nEnvironmentally Friendly Energy Transition","volume":"13","author":"Bethoux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energies"},{"issue":"68","key":"2026091715085182000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2022.06.271","article-title":"Hydrogen fuel cell\nheavy-duty trucks: Review of main research topics","volume":"47","author":"de las Nieves Camacho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"issue":"56","key":"2026091715085182000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2020.08.254","article-title":"Quasi-stationary UI-characteristic\nmodel of a PEM fuel cell\u2013Evaluating the option of self-humidifying\noperation","volume":"45","author":"Wallno\u0308fer-Ogris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091715085182000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1039\/D2EE00790H","article-title":"PEM Fuel\ncell and electrolysis cell technologies and hydrogen infrastructure\ndevelopment \u2013 a review","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Environ.\nSci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091715085182000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2006.12.012","article-title":"A review of PEM hydrogen fuel cell contamination: Impacts, mechanisms,\nand mitigation","volume":"165","author":"Cheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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