{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:52:14Z","timestamp":1787071934469,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21974042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21974042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22274047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22274047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22274048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22274048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Changsha Natural Science Foundation Project","award":["Kq2403141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Kq2403141"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province","award":["2021JJ30012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ30012"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province","award":["2025JJ50610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ50610"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial College Students? Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program","award":["S202510542091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S202510542091"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Precision diagnosis and molecular subtyping of arthritis call for analytical tools capable of providing objective, dynamic, and multiparametric readouts of disease progression and severity. Current clinical assessments mainly depend on symptom evaluation, imaging, and nonspecific biochemical indicators, lacking highly specific biomarkers and suffering from subjective interpretation and inconsistent multiparameter integration. To address this challenge, we designed a dual-nanozyme activity sensor array using metal-oxide-functionalized porphyrinic metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) for simultaneous and parallel multibiomarker detection and molecular classification of osteoarthritis (OA). Three types of metal oxide@PCN-224 nanomaterials with distinct metal centers were synthesized, and their peroxidase (POD)- and laccase (LAC)-mimicking activities were systematically investigated. Leveraging their differential dual-mimic activities, a multichannel sensing array for the simultaneous and discriminative detection of key OA-related biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), hyaluronidase (HAase), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), interleukin-1beta (IL-1\u03b2), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) was constructed. Each biomarker interacts with the nanozymes to generate unique catalytic activity modulation \u201cfingerprints\u201d due to the difference in the nanozyme\u2013biomarker interaction. Depending on their size, charge, and functional groups, biomarkers may undergo adsorption on the surface or alter the steric hindrance, local charge distribution, or interfacial electron transfer, leading to either inhibition or promotion of the activity of nanozymes. Integrated with pattern recognition algorithms, this sensing array not only addresses the specificity shortfall of single biomarker analysis but also achieves high-accuracy classification of synovial fluid samples from clinically staged OA patients (mild and serious). By integrating three materials with dual-enzyme activities, the sensor array can generate more diverse and distinguishable \u201cfingerprint\u201d signals, significantly improving classification accuracy and robustness. By correlating clinical staging and multifactor molecular fingerprints, this work offers an innovative integrated sensing strategy for the objective diagnosis, dynamic monitoring, and precise management of OA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c01579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T12:02:06Z","timestamp":1785931326000},"page":"23507-23519","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiplex Sensing\nand Molecular Classification of\nOsteoarthritis via a Biomarker-Responsive Dual-Nanozyme Activity Sensor\nArray"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Yihuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiquan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianru","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410005"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3461-7132","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7502-6817","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1506-1143","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meiling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Normal University , , ,","place":["Changsha, P. R. China, 410081"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026081809081653300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00767-7","article-title":"Oral Surveillance and Jak Inhibitor Safety: The Theory\nof Relativity","volume":"18","author":"Winthrop","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081809081653300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00211-4","article-title":"GBD\n2021 Rheumatoid Arthritis Collaborators. Global,\nRegional, and National Burden of Rheumatoid Arthritis, 1990\u20132020,\nand Projections to 2050: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden\nof Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"Black","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081809081653300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30100","article-title":"Classification of Rheumatoid Arthritis:\nComparison of the 1987 American College of Rheumatology Criteria and\nthe 2010 American College of Rheumatology\/European League against\nRheumatism Criteria","volume":"63","author":"van der Linden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081809081653300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.22171","article-title":"Diagnosis\nand Treatment of Hip and\nKnee Osteoarthritis: A Review","volume":"325","author":"Katz","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081809081653300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200666100-00002","article-title":"Early Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"66","author":"Cannella","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081809081653300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-023-01016-1","article-title":"Imaging in Inflammatory\nArthritis: Progress Towards Precision Medicine","volume":"19","author":"Minopoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081809081653300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102776","article-title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis: Extra-Articular\nManifestations\nand Comorbidities","volume":"20","author":"Figus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081809081653300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203726","article-title":"Value of\nBiomarkers in Osteoarthritis: Current Status and Perspectives","volume":"72","author":"Lotz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081809081653300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101742","article-title":"Precision Medicine\nin Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"36","author":"Bhamidipati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res., Clin.\nRheumatol."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026081809081653300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"365","author":"McInnes","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2026081809081653300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2021.155546","article-title":"Extensive Cytokine\nAnalysis in Synovial\nFluid of Osteoarthritis Patients","volume":"143","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"2026081809081653300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177271918801005","DOI":"10.1177\/1177271918801005","article-title":"Identifying\nReliable Diagnostic\/Predictive Biomarkers for Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Shervington","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomarker Insights"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081809081653300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00624-2","article-title":"Il-1\u03b2, Il-17a,\nCrp and Biologics History Might Serve as Potential\nMarkers for Clinical Response to Etanercept in Rheumatoid Arthritis\nPatients","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081809081653300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1360\/SSC-2023-0254","article-title":"Multicolor Fluorescent\nCarbon Dots Based Sensor Array for Rapid Identification\nof Multiple Metal Ions","volume":"54","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. 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Mater."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081809081653300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15102","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.2c03271","article-title":"Multi-Mimic\nActivities of CO3O4 Nanopolyhedrons and Application\nin Regulating the Content of Intracellular Hydrogen Peroxide\/Oxygen","volume":"5","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"2026081809081653300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136226","article-title":"A Dual-Channel Sensing\nPlatform for Atp and Copper Ions Via the Target-Induced\nPeroxidase Mimics Activity and Fluorescence Variations of Iron Oxide\nNanoparticles-Modified Metal-Organic Frameworks","volume":"418","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081809081653300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1039\/D4QI02555E","article-title":"Mof Nanozymes: Active Sites and Sensing\nApplications","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Front."},{"issue":"28","key":"2026081809081653300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6581","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB00681F","article-title":"A Porphyrin-Mof-Based\nIntegrated Nanozyme System for Catalytic Cascades and Light-Enhanced\nSynergistic Amplification of Cellular Oxidative Stress","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081809081653300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21101348","article-title":"Porphyrin-Based\nMetal-Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous Catalysts in Oxidation Reactions","volume":"21","author":"Pereira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081809081653300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10068","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.1c01450","article-title":"Adsorptive Removal\nof Industrial Dye by Nanoporous Zr Porphyrinic Metal\u2013Organic\nFramework Microcubes","volume":"4","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081809081653300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c07680","article-title":"Exploring\nthe Specificity of Nanozymes","volume":"18","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081809081653300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2009.04.037","article-title":"Characterization of Ca2+ and Phosphocholine Interactions with C-Reactive Protein Using a\nSurface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor","volume":"391","author":"Christopeit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081809081653300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11426-016-0340-1","article-title":"Analytical\nMethods for Nano-Bio Interface Interactions","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. China: Chem."}],"container-title":["Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c01579","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/32\/23507\/66404727\/acs.analchem.6c01579.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/32\/23507\/66404727\/acs.analchem.6c01579.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:08:25Z","timestamp":1787069305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article\/98\/32\/23507\/5245329\/Multiplex-Sensing-and-Molecular-Classification-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"32","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c01579","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]}}}