{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T15:32:44Z","timestamp":1786462364301,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22422604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22422604"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011400","name":"State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011400","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The significant risks posed by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to water quality and public health have attracted increasing attention as a class of emerging contaminants. Efficient onsite assay of PFAS in environmental waters is critical for risk traceability, early warning, and safeguarding water security, yet it is hindered by challenges in accuracy, practicality, and intelligence. Here, we proposed a universal artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) gate-controlled the enzyme-like activity of nanozyme strategy-driven multimodal onsite assay for PFAS in environmental waters, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) selected as the model target. Briefly, MIP-encapsulated Fe-doped coordination polymer (MIP@Fe-BDC) nanozyme was prepared, and MIP@Fe-BDC possessed peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity. Owing to the selective binding capability conferred by MIP, only PFOA could inhibit POD-like activity of MIP@Fe-BDC. This inhibition prevented the oxidation of colorless 3,3\u2032,5,5\u2032-tetramethyl-benzidine (TMB) to its blue oxidized form (oxTMB), thereby interrupting the colorimetric and photothermal signal enhancement as well as the fluorescence signal quenching triggered by oxTMB, resulting in a linear response between PFOA and colorimetric\/fluorescence\/photothermal signals. To achieve onsite detection, a low-cost MIP@Fe-BDC-based test paper was developed. Multimode images were collected via a smartphone and a thermal imager, and then analyzed using a residual neural network with 18-layer (ResNet18) model for real-time quantitative feedback, in which the whole detection process was completed in just 8.0 min. Moreover, these results were consistent with those obtained using the liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method, implying the superior accuracy. This work provides an innovative and universal solution for the portable, low-cost, rapid, efficient, and intelligent onsite surveillance, traceability, and early warning of PFAS in environmental waters, which is of great significance for preventing and controlling environmental water pollution and protecting public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:07:59Z","timestamp":1785128879000},"page":"23013-23022","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AI-Integrated\nMolecularly Imprinted Gate-Controlled\nNanozyme-Based Field-Deployable Multimodal Assay of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl\nSubstances in Environmental Waters"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Fengjiao","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230601"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linpin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0676-7371","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kai","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230601"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7689-1346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430023"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2879-9489","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianlong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest A&F University , , ,","place":["Yangling, China, 712100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongning","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA) , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100022"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4463-3729","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yizhong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6580","key":"2026081109080705500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg9065","article-title":"Per- and\npolyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment","volume":"375","author":"Evich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20263","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c07230","article-title":"Placentation\nDisruption by Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctanesulfonate\nin Human Trophoblast Organoids","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.\nTechnol."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adz4749","article-title":"Atmospheric transport and deposition of PFAS in East\nAntarctica: Evidence from snow transect measurements and a multidecadal\nrecord","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17899","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c06300","article-title":"Enhancing Photocatalytic\nDecarboxylation by Frustrated Lewis Acid\u2013Base Pairs for Efficient\nDegradation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid","volume":"59","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11433","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c04663","article-title":"Rethinking the Carcinogenic\nClassification of Perfluorooctanoic Acid\n(PFOA)","volume":"59","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.123310","article-title":"Unveiling\nthe environmental sustainability of Ti4O7 electrified\nmembrane for perfluorooctanoic acid removal","volume":"277","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66872-9","article-title":"Ratiometric\ndetection of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic\nacids using dual fluorescent nanoparticles and a miniaturised microfluidic\nplatform","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53945-4","article-title":"Cationic covalent organic\nframework for the fluorescent\nsensing and cooperative adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid","volume":"15","author":"Jrad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1038\/s44221-025-00505-9","article-title":"Reversible\nparts-per-trillion-level detection of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid\nin tap water using field-effect transistor sensors","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Water"},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202416966","article-title":"Integrated\nMonomer Synthesis and\nFramework Assembly: Achieving Isoreticular Modulation of Hydrogen-Bonded\nOrganic Frameworks","volume":"64","author":"Shang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202309928","article-title":"Detection of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl\nSubstances (PFAS)\nby Interrupted Energy Transfer","volume":"62","author":"Concello\u0301n","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem.,\nInt. Ed."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11420","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c03125","article-title":"Ultratrace PFAS Detection Using Amplifying\nFluorescent Polymers","volume":"145","author":"Concello\u0301n","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07899","article-title":"Engineering\nan Enzymatic Cascade Catalytic Smartphone-Based Sensor for Onsite\nVisual Ratiometric Fluorescence\u2013Colorimetric Dual-Mode Detection\nof Methyl Mercaptan","volume":"57","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13512","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c01956","article-title":"Programming of a Portable\nDigital Monitoring System-Integrated DNA\nAptamer Reversely Regulated Oxidase-Like Nanozyme for Real-Time Dynamic\nAnalysis of Atmospheric Perfluorooctanoic Acid","volume":"96","author":"Nie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202505712","article-title":"Electron Transfer-Tailored\nD-Band Center to Boost Nanozyme Catalysis for Interpretable Machine\nLearning-Empowered Intelligent Biosensing","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv.\nSci."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25840","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c05641","article-title":"Machine Learning-Assisted\nFe\u2013N\u2013C Single-Atom Nanozyme Rapid Screening Platform\nfor Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24196","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c05108","article-title":"AI-Enhanced Lateral Flow Assay Enables\n3-minute Quantitative Detection with Laboratory-Grade Accuracy","volume":"97","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7787","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c01845","article-title":"Identification of Microorganism\nin Infected Wounds by Positively\nCharged Selective Sensor Array and Deep Learning Algorithm","volume":"96","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15676","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c01355","article-title":"Nanozyme-Enabled Multimodal Sensing:\nVisual and Rapid Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2025.101650","article-title":"Recent advances\nand field-deployable\napplications of nanomaterial-based sensors for the targeted PFAS detection","volume":"158","author":"Azzouz","year":"2026","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9895","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c15581","article-title":"Femtomolar Congener-Selective\nDetection of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Water by a Cyclodextrin-Oriented\nMolecularly Imprinted Transistor Sensor","volume":"60","author":"Tao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8393","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c15943","article-title":"Rapid and\nAccurate Detection of Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid in Environmental\nSamples via Chemiresistive Sensor Integrating Molecular Imprinting\nand Fluorine\u2013Fluorine Interactions","volume":"60","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202409849","article-title":"Molecularly\nImprinted Polymers for Highly Specific Bioorthogonal Catalysis Inside\nCells","volume":"63","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00061D","article-title":"Molecular\nimprinting: perspectives and applications","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem.\nSoc. Rev."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42244-z","article-title":"Molecular\nimprinting-based indirect fluorescence detection strategy implemented\non paper chip for non-fluorescent microcystin","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124692","article-title":"Synergistic effect\nof dual sites on bimetal-organic frameworks for\nhighly efficient peroxide activation","volume":"406","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard.\nMater."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137845","article-title":"Biomimetic ratiometric\nfluorescence sensor based on perovskite quantum dots and carbon dots\nfor ultrasensitive ciprofloxacin detection","volume":"490","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202514922","article-title":"Catalytic Depolymerization of Polyester Waste via Zinc Oxide-Decorated\nSilica","volume":"13","author":"Cao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.138899","article-title":"Toxicological profiles of hollow silica nanoparticles\n(h-SiO2) as a model for silica-coated\nsystems: A benchmark study against NM-300K silver nanoparticles","volume":"495","author":"Garcia","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123526","article-title":"DyxMnFe2-xO4 nanoparticles decorated over mesoporous silica for\nenvironmental\nremediation applications","volume":"402","author":"Baig","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2025.111693","article-title":"Engineering asymmetric\nelectronic structures in Fe-N-S-C\nnanozymes for dual enzyme-catalyzed-induced ferroptosis and enhanced\nantitumor efficacy","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-020-00520-3","article-title":"Tuning Atomically Dispersed\nFe Sites in Metal\u2013Organic Frameworks Boosts Peroxidase-Like\nActivity for Sensitive Biosensing","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nano-Micro\nLett."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2020.100971","article-title":"Boron-doped Fe-N-C\nsingle-atom nanozymes specifically boost peroxidase-like activity","volume":"35","author":"Jiao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202503734","article-title":"Transforming Chemiluminescence from Flash to Glow by\nBreaking the Catalytic Limitation with a Medium-Entropy Nanozyme","volume":"64","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202504434","article-title":"Ir\/CeO2 Single-Atom Nanoislands\nas an Atomic-Nano System for Highly Efficient Self-Cascade Glucose\nOxidase and Peroxidase Mimics","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202200670","article-title":"Atomic-Layered\nCu5 Nanoclusters on FeS2 with Dual Catalytic Sites for Efficient and\nSelective H2O2 Activation","volume":"61","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int.\nEd."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202206465","article-title":"Controllable Preparation\nof 2D V2O5 Peroxidase-Mimetic Nanozyme to Develop\nPortable Paper-Based Analytical Device for Intelligent Pesticide Assay","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3856","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c05474","article-title":"Near Infrared-II\nPhotothermal and Colorimetric Synergistic\nSensing for Intelligent Onsite Dietary Myrosinase Profiling","volume":"95","author":"Qiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081109080705500_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202512313","article-title":"Self-Assembled Stable\nMagnetic COF Super-Particles\nThrough Electrostatic Interaction for Efficient Removal and Detection\nof PFAS Combined with LC-MS\/MS","volume":"36","author":"Tang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct.\nMater."}],"container-title":["Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02465","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/31\/23013\/66253044\/acs.analchem.6c02465.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/31\/23013\/66253044\/acs.analchem.6c02465.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T13:29:31Z","timestamp":1786454971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article\/98\/31\/23013\/5232204\/AI-Integrated-Molecularly-Imprinted-Gate"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"31","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02465","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]}}}