{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:32:52Z","timestamp":1793449972510,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025YFF1107402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFF1107402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025YFF1107404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFF1107404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002365","name":"China Agricultural University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Complex food samples remain challenging inputs for point-of-need nucleic acid testing because clarification, cell disruption, and nucleic acid purification must be integrated into a compact, low-intervention, and contamination-resistant workflow. Here we report PiezoFusion, a physically driven microfluidic architecture that couples dual-stage filtration, reagent-free pore-confined lysis powered by a piezoelectric microporous pump, and online magnetic-chain interception for continuous-flow nucleic acid capture and purification, followed by sealed isothermal amplification and visual readout. This architecture converts heterogeneous raw samples to amplification-compatible nucleic acids within 60 min without biochemical lysis reagents. Using Salmonella Typhimurium as a model target, we evaluated seven representative food and water-associated matrices, with 84 total tests benchmarked against qPCR. PiezoFusion achieved 86.96% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 93.48% balanced accuracy, and 96.43% overall accuracy, while maintaining consistent positive\/negative classification across matrices. By integrating matrix clarification, reagent-free lysis, structured magnetic capture, and sealed amplification within a single workflow, PiezoFusion completes a reagent-minimal route to sample-to-answer nucleic acid testing from complex food samples and provides a practical framework for field-compatible molecular diagnostics. This work establishes a Salmonella-oriented PiezoFusion workflow and provides a modular framework that may be adapted to other nucleic acid targets after target-specific assay design and lysis optimization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T12:33:20Z","timestamp":1784637200000},"page":"23695-23709","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["PiezoFusion\nEnables Physically Driven Sample-to-Answer\nNucleic Acid Testing from Complex Samples"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Kaiyuan","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengzhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3042-9654","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zeyu","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, China, 450001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xunyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3709-084X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]},{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9458-1077","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianhan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]},{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4758-8596","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]},{"name":"China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.70075","article-title":"Ensuring egg safety: Salmonella survival,\ncontrol, and virulence in the supply chain","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-024-01051-z","article-title":"Foodborne bacterial\npathogens: genome-based approaches for enduring and emerging threats\nin a complex and changing world","volume":"22","author":"Mather","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-025-00401-2","article-title":"Portable DNA extraction integrated with LAMP-CRISPR\/Cas12a\ntechnology for on-site detection of Salmonella Typhimurium","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Npj Sci. Food"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.139664","article-title":"Magnetic relaxation\nswitching biosensor\nbased on CRISPR-mediated cascade reaction for the amplification-free\ndetection of Salmonella","volume":"497","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2576588","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2025.2576588","article-title":"Global genomic survey\nof Salmonella Kentucky: discovery\nof a chromosome-borne blaNDM-5 and the emergence of ST314, an MDR\nclone mediated by the IncR plasmid","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes\nInfect"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202509355","article-title":"Enhanced One-Pot Dual-CRISPR-Based\nAssay Lyophilized on a 3D-Printed Disc for Field-Deployable Multiplex\nBacteria Detection","volume":"12","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7231","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c06774","article-title":"Cascaded Gravity-Driven\nMicrofluidic Chip with Tilt-Actuated Siphon Valves for Rapid Detection\nof Salmonella Typhimurium","volume":"97","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2025.07.014","article-title":"A Smartphone-Assisted\nPortable On-Site Fast-Extraction Testing Platform for Rapid Detection\nof Campylobacter coli","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Future Foods"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8104","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2025.2493207","article-title":"Thermostatic nucleic\nacid amplification technology in foodborne pathogen detection: opportunities\nand challenges","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202302641","article-title":"Advancing In Situ Food\nMonitoring through a\nSmart Lab-in-a-Package System Demonstrated by the Detection of Salmonella\nin Whole Chicken","volume":"35","author":"Prasad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adx6918","article-title":"Bacteriophage-loaded\nmicroneedle patches for\ntargeted and minimally disruptive foodborne pathogen decontamination","volume":"11","author":"Prasad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117969","article-title":"Smartphone-assisted\ncolorimetric detection of FEN1 and its inhibitors via RCA-magnetic\nbeads-urease cascade amplification","volume":"290","author":"Talap","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens.\nBioelectron."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13011","article-title":"Portable lysis\napparatus for rapid single-step DNA extraction of Bacillus subtilis","volume":"120","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117886","article-title":"Sample-to-answer\nnucleic acid detection using a fully integrated microdevice for nucleic\nacid extraction and smartphone-based droplet digital RPA\/CRISPR","volume":"289","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117314","article-title":"High-transition-temperature\nparaffin integration in IFAST device for efficient and robust nucleic\nacid extraction and detection","volume":"278","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c06140","article-title":"Novel Ultrafast Sample-to-Answer\nMicrofluidic Platform for Highly Sensitive On-Site Quantification\nof Avian Influenza Virus","volume":"98","author":"Chai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.113502","article-title":"A review of\nnucleic acid-based detection methods for foodborne viruses:\nSample pretreatment and detection techniques","volume":"174","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2026.173227","article-title":"A fully automatic,\nhigh-throughput, all-in-one centrifugal\nmicrofluidic workstation integrated with a Switching-PCR assay for\nrapid respiratory virus diagnostics","volume":"530","author":"Phan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. Eng.\nJ."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081809082481300_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c16510","article-title":"Piezoelectric\nFilm-Based Bacterial Disinfection by Mechanical Agitation","volume":"18","author":"Roy","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01486-23","article-title":"Rapid high-throughput processing\nof tissue samples for microbiological diagnosis of periprosthetic\njoint infections using bead-beating homogenization","volume":"62","author":"Jazmati","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2025.107615","article-title":"Application of thermo-cylindrical\ntype focused-ultrasound\nas novel milk pasteurization: microbial inactivation, immunoglobulin\nG retention, and physicochemical characteristics","volume":"123","author":"Rathnayake","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016-024-01082-y","article-title":"Multiplexed\nfood-borne pathogen detection using an argonaute-mediated digital\nsensor based on a magnetic-bead-assisted imaging transcoding system","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Food"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117458","article-title":"Palm-sized CRISPR sensing platform for on-site Mycoplasma\npneumoniae detection","volume":"281","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8646","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c14913","article-title":"Deactivated Cas9-Engineered Magnetic\nMicromotors toward\na Point-of-Care Digital Viral RNA Assay","volume":"19","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS\nNano"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33629","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c12306","article-title":"QBox: An Automated Portable System\nfor Multiplex Quantum Dot Barcode Diagnostics","volume":"18","author":"Osborne","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33505","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c10823","article-title":"Dual-Channel CRISPR\/Cas12a Biosensor-In-Microdroplet\nfor Amplification-Free Nucleic Acid Detection for Food Authenticity\nTesting","volume":"18","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6094","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c19856","article-title":"Smart DNA Hydrogel-Responsive\nEncoding Enables Portable Nucleic Acid\nDetection","volume":"20","author":"Luo","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioelechem.2025.109140","article-title":"Silver-decorated\nnanobeads for high-performance and flexible analysis of Shigella dysenteriae\nutilizing a paper-based aptasensor","volume":"168","author":"Jampasa","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioelectrochemistry"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-025-07371-y","article-title":"Electrochemical\nDNA biosensor based on a novel pyrrolidinyl peptide nucleic acid sequence\nimmobilized on a graphene oxide\/bovine serum albumin\u2013modified\nelectrode for the direct diagnosis of seed-borne pathogen","volume":"192","author":"Hendra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202507616","article-title":"Light-Responsive Liquid\nMetal Particles for Nucleic Acid Extraction and Directional Enrichment","volume":"21","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2026.2617457","article-title":"Advances and challenges\nin pretreatment strategies for nucleic acid\ntest-based rapid detection of foodborne bacteria: a critical review","volume":"66","author":"Sang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2025.105286","article-title":"Recent advances in\nmicrofluidic platforms utilizing\nnucleic acid amplification technology for the detection of foodborne\npathogens","volume":"165","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2025.116750","article-title":"Ultra-efficient nucleic\nacids extraction using solvent-responsive magnetic MXene nanocomposite","volume":"220","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2026.174540","article-title":"MIMIC platform: Automated microfluidic\nplatform for\nefficient circulating cell-free DNA extraction and cardiovascular\ndisease diagnostics at the point of care","volume":"535","author":"Alias","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem.\nEng. J."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2025.111109","article-title":"Rapid multiplex pathogen detection\nusing 96-channel microfluidic chip with magnetic bead method","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbsr.2025.100931","article-title":"An easy-to-use nucleic\nacid-based fluidic platform for the profiling\nof oral microbiome from swab and mouthwash that consists of functionalized\nmicrobeads and a multi-chamber aliquoting structure","volume":"51","author":"Lee","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sens. Bio-Sens. Res."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202507724","article-title":"Deep Learning-Assisted\nRapid Bacterial Classification Based on Raman Spectroscopy of Bacteria\nLysed by Acoustically Driven Fiber-Tip Vibration","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117851","article-title":"Integrating acoustic\nmicrofluidics with spectroscopic analysis for efficient bacterial\nlysis and molecular characterisation","volume":"289","author":"Mehlawat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens.\nBioelectron."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adq2899","article-title":"Compact\nhighly sensitive photothermal RT-LAMP chip for simultaneous multidisease\ndetection","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2023.133399","article-title":"RNase H2 triggered visual loop-mediated\nisothermal amplification combining smartphone assisted all-in-one\naptamer magnetic enrichment device for ultrasensitive culture-independent\ndetection of Salmonella Typhimurium in chicken meat","volume":"380","author":"Jia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.118518","article-title":"Plasmonic magnetic nanoparticles-enabled\nuniversal\nenrichment, photothermal lysis, and duplex CRISPR detection of bacteria\nin urine samples","volume":"302","author":"Tu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.22.0151","article-title":"Development\nof a lateral flow dipstick\ntest for the detection of 4 strains of Salmonella spp. in animal products\nand animal production environmental samples based on loop-mediated\nisothermal amplification","volume":"36","author":"Nuchchanart","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Biosci."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-023-04278-x","article-title":"Saltatory rolling circle\namplification assay coupled with photosensitization\nmethod for rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella in food","volume":"249","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"key":"2026081809082481300_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9795","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b02082","article-title":"Statistical\nMethod\nfor Determining and Comparing Limits of Detection of Bioassays","volume":"87","author":"Holstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."}],"container-title":["Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02824","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/32\/23695\/66083355\/acs.analchem.6c02824.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/32\/23695\/66083355\/acs.analchem.6c02824.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:10:08Z","timestamp":1787069408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article\/98\/32\/23695\/5224437\/PiezoFusion-Enables-Physically-Driven-Sample-to"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"32","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02824","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]}}}