{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T15:31:29Z","timestamp":1786462289672,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22322408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22322408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22474096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22474096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["224B2408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["224B2408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52221001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52221001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U25A20574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U25A20574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFA1202400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFA1202400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFF1205900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF1205900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018806","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023BAA002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BAA002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018806","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"New Cornerstone Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Near-infrared II (NIR-II, 1000\u20131700 nm) fluorescence imaging enables deep-tissue analysis, but conventional \u201calways-on\u201d probes suffer from high background that compromises the signal-to-background ratio for low-abundance targets. Activatable probe strategies could mitigate this issue, yet most existing designs rely on fluorescence resonance energy transfer with acceptors confined to the visible region, hampering efficient signal quenching in the NIR-II window. Here, we present a generalizable strategy based on morphology-engineered nanometal surface energy transfer (NSET) to construct a NIR-II core\u2013satellite nanoprobe for intracellular miR-21 detection. By systematically tuning the branch aspect ratio of gold nanostars (AuNSs), their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption can be red-shifted to achieve precise spectral overlap with the NIR-II emission of Ag2S quantum dots. Guided by DNA self-assembly, an AuNS@Ag2S core\u2013satellite structure with controllable interparticle spacing is established, enabling an initial fluorescence quenching efficiency of up to 88%. Upon target recognition, miR-21-triggered strand displacement reaction induces the dissociation of Ag2S quantum dots from the AuNS surface, resulting in a pronounced NIR-II fluorescence \u201cturn-on\u201d response. The nanoprobe exhibits exceptional performance, including a low detection limit of 75.8 pM, robust linearity, single-base mismatch discrimination capability, and enables visualization of differential miR-21 expression in living cells. Notably, high-contrast NIR-II signals are retained at penetration depths of up to 15 mm in tissue-mimicking experiments. This work establishes an NSET-based analytical platform through precise spectral matching and rational structural engineering, providing a robust strategy for high signal-to-background biosensing and in situ analysis of low-abundance miR-21 in deep tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T13:14:23Z","timestamp":1785849263000},"page":"23119-23129","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Morphology-Engineered\nGold Nanostars for Activatable\nNIR-II Imaging of Intracellular miR-21 with Deep Tissue Capability"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430072"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqin","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan University , , ,","place":["Changsha, China, 410082"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2288-5981","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lvyun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology , , ,","place":["Changsha, China, 410082"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Defense Technology , , ,","place":["Changsha, China, 410082"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9229-2829","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lilei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430072"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7461-0125","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanbing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430072"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3085-431X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Quan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan University , , ,","place":["Wuhan, China, 430072"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-024-00301-x","article-title":"Near-Infrared II Fluorescence Imaging","volume":"4","author":"Schmidt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat.\nRev. Methods Primers"},{"key":"2026081109083865200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2026.217788","article-title":"Visualized\nDiagnosis in the Second Near-Infrared Window","volume":"559","author":"Yan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026081109083865200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2202035","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202202035","article-title":"Recent Advances\nin Near-Infrared-II\nFluorescence Imaging for Deep-Tissue Molecular Analysis and Cancer\nDiagnosis","volume":"18","author":"Meng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081109083865200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-022-01130-3","article-title":"In Vivo Non-Invasive\nConfocal Fluorescence Imaging beyond 1,700 Nm Using Superconducting\nNanowire Single-Photon Detectors","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081109083865200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206271","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206271","article-title":"Fe-Doped Carbon\nDots\nas NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for in Vivo Gastric Imaging and pH Detection","volume":"10","author":"Ci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081109083865200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104567","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104567","article-title":"Near-Infrared-II\nQuantum Dots for in Vivo Imaging and Cancer Therapy","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081109083865200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5006","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c00317","article-title":"Tumor Microenvironment\nActivatable Nanoprodrug System\nfor in Situ Fluorescence Imaging and Therapy of Liver Cancer","volume":"96","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10395","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53906-x","article-title":"A Hypoxia-Activated\nand Microenvironment-Remodeling Nanoplatform for Multifunctional Imaging\nand Potentiated Immunotherapy of Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081109083865200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b04261","article-title":"Cancer-Microenvironment-Sensitive\nActivatable Quantum Dot Probe in\nthe Second near-Infrared Window","volume":"17","author":"Jeong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081109083865200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19753","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c03378","article-title":"Tumor Microenvironment\nActivated Photoacoustic-Fluorescence\nBimodal Nanoprobe for Precise Chemo-Immunotherapy and Immune Response\nTracing of Glioblastoma","volume":"17","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201911803","article-title":"An Activatable\nNIR-II Nanoprobe for in Vivo Early Real-Time Diagnosis\nof Traumatic Brain Injury","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int.\nEd."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55096-y","article-title":"NIR-II-Excited\noff-on-off Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Sensitive Molecular\nImaging in Vivo","volume":"16","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"34","key":"2026081109083865200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30989","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c08583","article-title":"NIR-Switched\nDNA Shutter Enables Reversible Intermittent cGAS-STING Activation\nfor Enhanced Antitumor Immunity","volume":"147","author":"Bi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem.\nSoc."},{"issue":"44","key":"2026081109083865200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2502087","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202502087","article-title":"Spatio-Temporally Profiling\nHuman Lung Cancer Surgery with a FRET-Mediated AIEgen-Active Nanoprobe","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct Materials"},{"issue":"45","key":"2026081109083865200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20279","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202008245","article-title":"Amplified\nFRET Nanoflares: An Endogenous mRNA-Powered Nanomachine for Intracellular\nMicroRNA Imaging","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081109083865200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2024.109694","article-title":"Quantum Dots\nBoost Large-View NIR-II\nImaging with High Fidelity for Fluorescence-Guided Tumor Surgery","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081109083865200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1907365","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201907365","article-title":"Multiplexed NIR-II Probes for Lymph\nNode-Invaded Cancer Detection and Imaging-Guided Surgery","volume":"32","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smo.20220002","article-title":"Engineering an Asymmetric\nRhodamine Dye Suitable for Developing Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe","volume":"1","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Mo"},{"issue":"42","key":"2026081109083865200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23089","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c02740","article-title":"Dual-Quenched,\nDye-Sensitized Upconversion Nanoprobe Combines LRET and FRET to Break\nthe Signal-to-Background Limit","volume":"97","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081109083865200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3586","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c05102","article-title":"Self-Catalyzed Surface\nReaction-Induced Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer on Cysteine-Stabilized\nMnO2 Quantum Dots for Selective Detection of Dopamine","volume":"93","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081109083865200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13612","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.1c03047","article-title":"N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot-MnO2 Nanowire\nFRET Pairs: Detection of Cholesterol, Glutathione, Acetylcholinesterase,\nand Chlorpyrifos","volume":"4","author":"Dewangan","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"2026081109083865200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.118381","article-title":"Covalently Engineered\nPQDs-Fluorescent Protein FRET Probes for Tumor Imaging and Diagnosis","volume":"297","author":"Bi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081109083865200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2932","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CS00793F","article-title":"Plasmonic\nSilver and Gold Nanoparticles:\nShape- and Structure-Modulated Plasmonic Functionality for Point-of-Caring\nSensing, Bio-Imaging and Medical Therapy","volume":"53","author":"Hang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem.\nSoc. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081109083865200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2480","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c04518","article-title":"More Symmetrical \u201cHot Spots\u201d\nEnsure Stronger Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence: From Au Nanorods to\nNanostars","volume":"93","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081109083865200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1021\/nl304478h","article-title":"Using Binary\nSurfactant Mixtures to Simultaneously Improve the Dimensional Tunability\nand Monodispersity in the Seeded Growth of Gold Nanorods","volume":"13","author":"Ye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081109083865200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2412296","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202412296","article-title":"Shape and\nSize Effects of Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor Photoacoustic Imaging\nand Photothermal Therapy within the NIR-I and NIR-II Biowindows","volume":"21","author":"Zeng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081109083865200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.3390\/s21062111","article-title":"Advances in Plasmonic Sensing at the NIR a\nReview","volume":"21","author":"SS dos Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sens."},{"issue":"28","key":"2026081109083865200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9471","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b04885","article-title":"Freezing Directed Construction of Bio\/Nano Interfaces: Reagentless\nConjugation, Denser Spherical Nucleic Acids, and Better Nanoflares","volume":"139","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"34","key":"2026081109083865200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45327","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c09358","article-title":"Aptamer-Loop\nDNA Nanoflower Recognition and Multicolor Fluorescent Carbon Quantum\nDots Labeling System for Multitarget Living Cell Imaging","volume":"16","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081109083865200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5209","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c06702","article-title":"Fortified Donor\u2013Acceptor\nSpectral Overlap Facilitated Fluorescence\nQuenching Efficiency for Developing Sensitive Nanometal Surface Energy\nTransfer-Based Immunochromatographic Test Strips","volume":"97","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081109083865200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-022-00351-8","article-title":"Optimizing\nthe Shape Anisotropy of Gold Nanoparticles for Enhanced Light Harvesting\nand Photocatalytic Applications","volume":"22","author":"Antony","year":"2023","journal-title":"Photochem.\nPhotobiol. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081109083865200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201102152","article-title":"High-Yield Assembly\nof Soluble and\nStable Gold Nanorod Pairs for High-Temperature Plasmonics","volume":"8","author":"Nepal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201300359","article-title":"Growth of\nMonodisperse Gold Nanospheres with Diameters from 20 Nm to 220 Nm\nand Their Core\/Satellite Nanostructures","volume":"2","author":"Ruan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv.\nOpt. Mater."},{"issue":"56","key":"2026081109083865200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6265","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cc42999g","article-title":"Triton X-100\nfor Three-Plasmon Gold Nanostars with\nTwo Photothermally Active NIR (near IR) and SWIR (Short-Wavelength\nIR) Channels","volume":"49","author":"Pallavicini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081109083865200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6531","DOI":"10.1039\/c0jm04519e","article-title":"Synthesis and Modelling of Gold Nanostars with Tunable\nMorphology and Extinction Spectrum","volume":"21","author":"Trigari","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mater.\nChem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081109083865200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2013.309","article-title":"DNA Assembly of Nanoparticle Superstructures\nfor Controlled Biological Delivery and Elimination","volume":"9","author":"Chou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081109083865200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9283","DOI":"10.1021\/nn303756a","article-title":"Wavelength, Concentration, and Distance Dependence\nof Nonradiative Energy Transfer to a Plane of Gold Nanoparticles","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081109083865200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3115","DOI":"10.1021\/ja043940i","article-title":"Nanometal\nSurface Energy Transfer in Optical Rulers, Breaking the FRET Barrier","volume":"127","author":"Yun","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081109083865200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-013-0045-6","article-title":"A Phase II Trial of AS1411 (a Novel Nucleolin-Targeted\nDNA Aptamer) in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma","volume":"32","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. New Drugs"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026081109083865200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7075","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c00477","article-title":"Upconversion Nanoparticle@Au\nCore\u2013Satellite Assemblies for in Situ Amplified\nImaging of MicroRNA in Living Cells and Combined Cancer Phototherapy","volume":"94","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."}],"container-title":["Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02875","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/31\/23119\/66320337\/acs.analchem.6c02875.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/31\/23119\/66320337\/acs.analchem.6c02875.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T13:28:31Z","timestamp":1786454911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article\/98\/31\/23119\/5236179\/Morphology-Engineered-Gold-Nanostars-for"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"31","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c02875","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]}}}