{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:42:10Z","timestamp":1792784530632,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006360","name":"Bundesministerium f?r Wirtschaft und Energie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22288 N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22288 N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006360","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Bundesministerium f?r Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KD2103C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KD2103C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04pz7b180","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Technical Faculty","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0245cg223","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become a crucial tool for medical diagnostics in decentralized laboratories. While sequencing and bioinformatics themselves employ standardized pipelines, wet laboratory workflows in these settings still rely on manual pipetting and sample handling. In particular, the library preparation procedures represent a critical bottleneck, accounting for up to 50% of total NGS costs and involving complex steps. Automation offers potential solutions to these challenges. However, existing automation approaches have limitations in satisfying throughput, investment costs, costs per sample, and degree of automation. Here, we implement a robotic centrifugal microfluidic platform around the Illumina Nextera XT DNA Library Preparation Kit or RoCM-LP platform, which supports library generation from microbial genomes. The RoCM-LP platform combines a centrifugal microfluidic-based cartridge with a pipetting robot, capable of producing nine libraries per run at low-medium initial investment costs ($50k\u201370k). The costs per sample were substantially reduced due to a tenfold decrease in reagent consumption in comparison to the manual reference workflow, and the number of manual handling steps was minimized from 45 to just three, namely reagent preparation (placing required reagents into the RoCM-LP platform), sample loading, and library retrieval. The approach achieved quality metrics comparable to those of the manual reference workflow and met all required sequencing quality thresholds across four Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains including drug-susceptible, BCG vaccine (Pasteur Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gue\u0301rin), multidrug-resistant (MDR), and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains for tuberculosis (TB) samples investigated, with an average coverage depth of 107, an average mapped read percentage of 97%, and an average coverage breadth percentage of 98%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c03501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T22:02:51Z","timestamp":1790028171000},"page":"28917-28931","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Robotic Centrifugal\nMicrofluidic Automation Enables\nLibrary Preparation of Nine Samples with a Tenfold Reduction in Reagent\nConsumption for Decentralized Sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1484-0862","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Trong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hahn-Schickard , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]},{"name":"University of Freiburg , , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viola","family":"Dreyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center , ,","place":["Borstel, Germany, 23845"]},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) , ,","place":["Hamburg, Germany, 20359"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumi","family":"Kaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hahn-Schickard , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Juelg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hahn-Schickard , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]},{"name":"University of Freiburg , , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Hutzenlaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hahn-Schickard , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]},{"name":"University of Freiburg , , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Niemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center , ,","place":["Borstel, Germany, 23845"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Paust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hahn-Schickard , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]},{"name":"University of Freiburg , , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob Friedrich","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hahn-Schickard , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]},{"name":"University of Freiburg , , ,","place":["Freiburg, Germany, 79110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100608082559600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.3390\/bios16060309","article-title":"Robotic Centrifugal Microfluidics\nwith In-Rotation Liquid Supply for the Extraction of Multiple Liquid\nBiopsy Analytes in One Platform","volume":"16","author":"Truong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biology and\nLife Sciences"},{"key":"2026100608082559600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636290","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.636290","article-title":"Centralised\nor Localised Pathogen\nWhole Genome Sequencing: Lessons Learnt From Implementation in a Clinical\nDiagnostic Laboratory","volume":"11","author":"Beukers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect.\nMicrobiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100608082559600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mef2.70001","article-title":"Role of Next-generation\nSequencing in Revolutionizing Healthcare for Cancer Management","volume":"3","author":"Sahoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"MedComm \u2013 Future Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100608082559600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a003707","DOI":"10.1101\/mcs.a003707","article-title":"Implementation of Cancer\nNext-Generation Sequencing Testing in a Community Hospital","volume":"5","author":"Akkari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Mol. Case Stud"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100608082559600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2014.279","article-title":"Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Genome Diagnostics\nacross Clinical Genetics Centers: Implementation Choices and Their\nEffects","volume":"23","author":"Vrijenhoek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100608082559600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2025.02.001","article-title":"Impact and\nReproducibility of In-House Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Biomarker\nTesting in Non\u2013Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"27","author":"Rapa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Diagnostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100608082559600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.36469\/001c.77686","article-title":"Fast In-House Next-Generation\nSequencing in the Diagnosis of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer:\nA Hospital Budget Impact Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Silas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of\nHealth Economics and Outcomes Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100608082559600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5238","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29080416","article-title":"Costs of Next-Generation Sequencing Assays in Non-Small\nCell Lung Cancer: A Micro-Costing Study","volume":"29","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Current\nOncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100608082559600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphg.86","article-title":"Best Practices for Illumina Library\nPreparation","volume":"102","author":"Bronner","year":"2019","journal-title":"CP Human Genetics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100608082559600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01749-23","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01749-23","article-title":"Development\nof an Automated Amplicon-Based next-Generation Sequencing Pipeline\nfor Rapid Detection of Bacteria and Fungi Directly from Clinical Specimens","volume":"62","author":"Osborn","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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Commun."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026100608082559600_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5596","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700869104","article-title":"Genome Plasticity of BCG and Impact\non Vaccine Efficacy","volume":"104","author":"Brosch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. 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