{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:17:43Z","timestamp":1792855063747,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Fundation of Shanxi Bethune Hospita","award":["2025GSPYJ1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GSPYJ1"]}]},{"name":"Science Fundation of Shanxi Bethune Hospita","award":["2025GSPYJ11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GSPYJ11"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["22274090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22274090"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Science Fundation of Shanxi Health Commission","award":["2023ZYYB026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZYYB026"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dynamic changes in the polarity of the cellular microenvironment play a pivotal role in drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and tumors, serving as a crucial biomarker for evaluating cell membrane integrity and functional status. Precise monitoring of polarity changes is essential for elucidating the underlying mechanisms of injury. However, the real-time and specific visualization of local polarity remains a considerable challenge. Herein, polarity-sensitive fluorescent probes Probemem-1 and Probemem-2 were successfully developed. The structures adopted a D-\u03c0-A configuration, where a triphenylamine unit served as the electron donor, 1,3-indanedione acted as the electron acceptor, and the two were linked via a thiophene or dithiophene bridge. The triphenylamine moiety endowed Probemem-1 and Probemem-2 with unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. The fluorescence lifetimes of Probemem-1 and Probemem-2 were markedly prolonged in low-polarity media, demonstrating their pronounced sensitivity to environmental polarity. Importantly, Probemem-2 exhibited better photostability compared to Probemem-1. Analysis of the DILI mouse models revealed a significant correlation between decreased liver polarity and aggravated injury, indicating the potential of polarity as a biomarker for assessing DILI severity. Probemem-1 and Probemem-2 served as efficient molecular tools to track polarity changes, which could facilitate the mechanistic exploration of liver injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:02:30Z","timestamp":1790053350000},"page":"29332-29341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In Situ Visualization\nof Tumor and Drug-Induced Liver\nInjury with AIEgens, Polarity-Responsive, Membrane-Targeting Fluorescent\nProbes"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7642-1170","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peng","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, China, 030006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, China, 030006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengjia","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, China, 030006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1827-8794","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chuan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, China, 030006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youhong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University , , , ,","place":["Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 5042"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2880-5444","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shaomin","family":"Shuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, China, 030006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9411-8555","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Minglu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji Shanxi Hospital , , ,","place":["Taiyuan, China, 030032"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.109184","article-title":"A Three-Dimensional\nMouse Liver Organoid\nPlatform for Assessing EDCs Metabolites Simulating Liver Metabolism","volume":"195","author":"Moon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-025-01050-2","article-title":"Cell therapy\nfor liver disorders:\npast, present and future","volume":"22","author":"Ortun\u0303o-Costela","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol.\nHepatol."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-022724-105515","article-title":"At the Crossroads of Health and Disease:\nConsequences of Fat in the Liver","volume":"87","author":"Dukewich","year":"2025","journal-title":"Annu. Rev.\nPhysiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026101308065404700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202408688","article-title":"Hepatocyte-Derived\nFGF1 Alleviates Isoniazid and Rifampicin-Induced Liver Injury by Regulating\nHNF4\u03b1-Mediated Bile Acids Synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv.\nSci."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.12.016","article-title":"ROS-Scavenging\nNanoparticles Loaded\nwith Tectorigenin Protect Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity\nby Interrupting the Calcium\/ROS-Mediated Pathogenic Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial\nSignaling Cascade","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.102169","article-title":"Biomimetic\nPolymersomal Nanoreactors for Hepatocyte-Directed\nDetoxification in Drug-Induced Liver Injury","volume":"34","author":"Gu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026101308065404700_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.3c02471","article-title":"mRNA Display\nPipeline for Protein Biosensor Construction","volume":"9","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137487","article-title":"Acute Exposure to Glufosinate-Ammonium\nInduces Hepatopancreas Toxicity\nin Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir Sinensis)","volume":"488","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.141149","article-title":"Sodium Alginate Alleviated Isoniazid-Induced\nLiver\nInjury by Modulating Fecal Metabolites and Gut Microbiota","volume":"305","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026101308065404700_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17102","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c02887","article-title":"Decreased\nLysosomal Polarity During Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury Revealed by\na Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe","volume":"97","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2024.12.080","article-title":"Near-Infrared Lipid Droplet Specific Fluorescent Probes\nBased on Phenothiazine Derivatives for Wash-Free Imaging and Diagnosis\nof Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver","volume":"148","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026101308065404700_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20039","article-title":"The maintenance\nand Generation of Membrane Polarity\nin Hepatocytes","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"32","key":"2026101308065404700_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12054","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c02005","article-title":"Non-Solvatochromic\nCell Membrane-Targeted NIR Fluorescent Probe for\nVisualization of Polarity Abnormality in Drug-Induced Liver Injury\nMice","volume":"95","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.135331","article-title":"Ratiometric NIR Cell\nMembrane-Targeted Probe for Monitoring Cell\nMembrane Polarity and Tumor Application","volume":"405","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens.\nActuators, B"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026101308065404700_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2021.11.009","article-title":"Hepatocytes Are\nResistant to Cell Death from Canonical\nand Non-canonical Inflammasome-Activated Pyroptosis","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153265","article-title":"Pulsatilla Chinensis\nSaponins Cause Liver Injury Through Interfering Ceramide\/Sphingomyelin\nBalance that Promotes Lipid Metabolism Dysregulation and Apoptosis","volume":"76","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026101308065404700_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c18528","article-title":"Bright Ratiometric\nFluorescent Thermometer in a Spin Crossover Molecule Toward Visualization\nof Spin-State Equilibria","volume":"148","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14256","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c00894","article-title":"Lipid Droplet-Targeted\nBODIPY-Hemicyanine Hybrid Fluorescent\nProbes for Real-Time Monitoring of pH and Viscosity","volume":"97","author":"Zuo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026101308065404700_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4754","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c22321","article-title":"A Ratiometric\npH Sensor for Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria","volume":"148","author":"Kossmann","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2025.343790","article-title":"Lipid Droplet-Targeting\nCarbonized Polymer Dots for Intracellular Polarity Visualization under\nWash-Free Conditions","volume":"1346","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026101308065404700_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c19175","article-title":"A Nature-Inspired\nSteroid-Like Electron Acceptor to Polarity-Dependent Probe for Visualizing\nLipid Evolution in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2025.343703","article-title":"A Single Fluorescent Probe for Dual-Color\nImaging and Polarity Precise Analysis in Lipid Droplets and Endoplasmic\nReticulum","volume":"1343","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026101308065404700_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.202401528","article-title":"Design and Synthesis of Highly Luminescent\nBODIPY-fluorene Based A-alt-B Type \u03c0-conjugated Polymers for\nthe Selective and Trace Detection of Nitroaromatics","volume":"20","author":"Maity","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. - Asian J."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tetlet.2024.155033","article-title":"Disaggregation-driven\nFar-Red BODIPY Dye for Selective G4 DNA Structures Detection","volume":"140","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tetrahedron Lett."},{"issue":"228","key":"2026101308065404700_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.202501006","article-title":"A Rhodol-Based Fluorescent Probe\nwith Spirocyclic Ring Open-Close\nTunability for Sensitive Tracking of Lysosomal Polarity","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chem. - Asian J."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2025.123896","article-title":"Covalent Organic Framework with Second\nNear-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission for Boosted Tumor Multimodal\nPhototheranostics","volume":"328","author":"Luo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"38","key":"2026101308065404700_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202514187","article-title":"Molecular\nEngineering of AIE-Active Ionic Photosensitizer for Dual-Organelle\nTargeted NIR-II Phototheranostics","volume":"36","author":"Huang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct.\nMater."},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2025.143118","article-title":"BODIPY-Based\nLarge Stokes Shift NIR Fluorescent Probe for Illuminating Lipid Droplets","volume":"1345","author":"Hui","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"issue":"38","key":"2026101308065404700_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33891","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c09246","article-title":"A Near-Infrared-II\nMolecular Probe for Early Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury Induced\nby Diverse Etiologies","volume":"19","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026101308065404700_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565-024-09906-0","article-title":"Adenosine Kinase\nProtects Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Activating\nAutophagy in Hepatocytes","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026101308065404700_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.01.020","article-title":"Interruption of Bile Acid Uptake by Hepatocytes after\nAcetaminophen Overdose Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity","volume":"77","author":"Ghallab","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026101308065404700_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2021.11.011","article-title":"Endotoxin-Stimulated Hepatic Stellate\nCells Augment\nAcetaminophen-Induced Hepatocyte Injury","volume":"192","author":"Rani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am.\nJ. Pathol."}],"container-title":["Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04089","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/40\/29332\/68589670\/acs.analchem.6c04089.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/40\/29332\/68589670\/acs.analchem.6c04089.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:29:27Z","timestamp":1791894567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article\/98\/40\/29332\/5434827\/In-Situ-Visualization-of-Tumor-and-Drug-Induced"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"40","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04089","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]}}}