{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:06:51Z","timestamp":1790690811558,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01GM038784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM038784"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01GM115848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01GM115848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007709","name":"Michigan State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Start-up Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Start-up Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007709","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Metal homeostasis is essential for biological functions and has been implicated in many diseases. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOF-MS) imaging is a powerful tool for spatially resolved elemental imaging in heterogeneous tissues. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a well-established model organism for metal biology research. However, there have been few reports on mass spectrometry-based metal imaging of C. elegans due to challenges in sample preparation for high-resolution and quantitative analysis. In this study, we established an integrated workflow consisting of sample preparation, imaging, and quantitative analysis for whole-animal elemental imaging of C. elegans by LA-ICP-TOF-MS. With the assistance of 3D-printed uniform layer media application tools (ULMATs), water-based and hydrocarbon-based embedding media were evaluated, and petrolatum, commercially known as Vaseline, stood out for its performance in preserving C. elegans over time for LA-ICP-TOF-MS imaging. Worms were subjected to microscopy and LA-ICP-TOF-MS imaging where we achieved a 2-\u03bcm spatial resolution by oversampling laser shots during ablation. Quantitative elemental maps were obtained using gelatin standards sectioned at a 40-\u03bcm thickness to closely mimic the average tissue ablation depth of a day 1 adult C. elegans. This work established a comprehensive LA-ICP-TOF-MS imaging workflow for model organism C. elegans and addressed key analytical bottlenecks associated with sample handling, tissue preservation, spatial resolution, and quantitation in whole-organism elemental imaging of C. elegans. The methodology expands the analytical capabilities of LA-ICP-TOF-MS imaging for microscale biological systems and provides an adaptable workflow for future spatial metal biology research using C. elegans and other similar model systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T14:02:07Z","timestamp":1789653727000},"page":"28440-28453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["On-Slide Preparation of\n                    <i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>\n                    toward Quantitative, High-Resolution LA-ICP-TOF Mass Spectrometry\nImaging"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6551-9161","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aidan J.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Sue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]},{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"MacRenaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]},{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas V.","family":"O\u2019Halloran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]},{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]},{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7254-9233","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tian Autumn","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan State University , , , ,","place":["East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092909112056700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2022.110173","article-title":"Essential Metals in\nHealth and Disease","volume":"367","author":"Jomova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemico-Biological 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