{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:09:47Z","timestamp":1790690987899,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007957","name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJQN202400561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202400561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010824","name":"China Petrochemical Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["726022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["726022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A customizable four-port flow modulator, driven by a configurable pressure-pulse sampling strategy, is developed for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC\u00d7GC). By reconfiguring the conventional junction into a cross fitting, we introduce an active venting restrictor that provides a dedicated outlet for the primary-column effluent. Maintaining the venting flow at least equal to the primary flow establishes a flow-balance condition that suppresses observable breakthrough and the associated baseline elevation. Supported by this actively vented design, an electronic pneumatic controller (EPC) provides precise control over transient sampling. Under dynamic pressure compensation, programming this EPC to track the primary pressure ramp ensures a more consistent sampling response throughout the run, thereby mitigating thermal discrimination. More importantly, targeted adjustment of the sampling pressure enables customized enrichment, allowing the simultaneous analysis of major matrix constituents (up to \u223c20%) and trace analytes with an LOD down to \u223c4 ppm within a single run. Under optimized conditions, the platform yielded a theoretical two-dimensional peak capacity of \u223c12300 and quantitative results within the reproducibility limits specified by ASTM International standard test methods. Long-term robustness was further confirmed by retention-time stability over 180 h of cumulative runtime. By combining a hardware-defined operating window with programmable pressure control, this customizable modulation system substantially broadens the operational flexibility of flow-modulated GC\u00d7GC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:02:36Z","timestamp":1789707756000},"page":"28465-28474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Customizable\nFlow Modulation in GC\u00d7GC: A Configurable\nPressure-Pulse Sampling Strategy via Active Venting"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9794-2883","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chenxi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Normal University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 401331"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SINOPEC Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd. , , ,","place":["Luoyang, China, 471003"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengwei","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SINOPEC Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd. , , ,","place":["Luoyang, China, 471003"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SINOPEC Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd. , , ,","place":["Luoyang, China, 471003"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyang","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SINOPEC Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd. , , ,","place":["Luoyang, China, 471003"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SINOPEC Engineering (Group) Co., Ltd. , , ,","place":["Luoyang, China, 471003"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2380-340X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luoyang Normal University , , ,","place":["Luoyang, China, 471934"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shusheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou University , , ,","place":["Zhengzhou, China, 450001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-024-00379-3","article-title":"Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography\u2013Mass\nSpectrometry","volume":"5","author":"Mondello","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. 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Chem."},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2024.126137","article-title":"Flow-Modulation Comprehensive\nTwo-Dimensional\nEnantio-Gas Chromatography: A Valid and Flexible Alternative to Heart-Cutting\nMultidimensional Enantio-Gas Chromatography","volume":"275","author":"Galletta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2010.08.029","article-title":"Factors Affecting Peak Shape in Comprehensive Two-Dimensional\nGas Chromatography with Non-focusing Modulation","volume":"1218","author":"Harvey","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. 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Sci."},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1351\/pac199365040819","article-title":"Nomenclature\nfor Chromatography (IUPAC Recommendations 1993)","volume":"65","author":"Ettre","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00255a033","article-title":"Equations for Calculation of Chromatographic Figures\nof Merit for Ideal and Skewed Peaks","volume":"55","author":"Foley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anal. 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Chem."},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1021\/ac971184b","article-title":"Effect\nof Sampling Rate on Resolution\nin Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography","volume":"70","author":"Murphy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit35","unstructured":"ASTM.\n          \n          Standard Test\nMethod for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p\/m-Xylene,\no-Xylene, C9 and Heavier Aromatics, and Total Aromatics in Finished\nGasoline by Gas Chromatography.  ASTM D5580; ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, 2021."},{"key":"2026092909112697100_cit36","article-title":"Standard Test\nMethod for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl\nAlcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography","volume-title":"ASTM D4815","author":"ASTM.","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Analytical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04329","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/38\/28465\/68550362\/acs.analchem.6c04329.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article-pdf\/98\/38\/28465\/68550362\/acs.analchem.6c04329.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:33:34Z","timestamp":1790688814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancham\/article\/98\/38\/28465\/5432367\/Customizable-Flow-Modulation-in-GC-GC-A"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"38","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c04329","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-2700","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]}}}