{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:49:36Z","timestamp":1792712976538,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,16]],"date-time":"2015-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccby_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["093468\/Z\/10\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["093468\/Z\/10\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lung surfactant protein B (SP-B) is an essential protein found in the surfactant fluid at the air\u2013water interface of the lung. Exposure to the air pollutant ozone could potentially damage SP-B and lead to respiratory distress. We have studied two peptides, one consisting of the N-terminus of SP-B [SP-B(1\u201325)] and the other a construct of the N- and C-termini of SP-B [SP-B(1\u201325,63\u201378)], called SMB. Exposure to dilute levels of ozone (\u223c2 ppm) of monolayers of each peptide at the air\u2013water interface leads to a rapid reaction, which is evident from an increase in the surface tension. Fluorescence experiments revealed that this increase in surface tension is accompanied by a loss of fluorescence from the tryptophan residue at the interface. Neutron and X-ray reflectivity experiments show that, in contrast to suggestions in the literature, the peptides are not solubilized upon oxidation but rather remain at the interface with little change in their hydration. Analysis of the product material reveals that no cleavage of the peptides occurs, but a more hydrophobic product is slowly formed together with an increased level of oligomerization. We attributed this to partial unfolding of the peptides. Experiments conducted in the presence of phospholipids reveal that the presence of the lipids does not prevent oxidation of the peptides. Our results strongly suggest that exposure to low levels of ozone gas will damage SP-B, leading to a change in its structure. The implication is that the oxidized protein will be impaired in its ability to interact at the air\u2013water interface with negatively charged phosphoglycerol lipids, thus compromising what is thought to be its main biological function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.5b00308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]],"date-time":"2015-08-13T09:40:26Z","timestamp":1439458826000},"page":"5185-5197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Environmental Pollutant Ozone Causes Damage to Lung\nSurfactant Protein B (SP-B)"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Joanna M.","family":"Hemming","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London , , Malet Street , ,","place":["London, U.K., WC1E 7HX"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian R.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London , , Malet Street , ,","place":["London, U.K., WC1E 7HX"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian R.","family":"Rennie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University , , ,","place":["Uppsala, Sweden, 75120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Tomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London , , Malet Street , ,","place":["London, U.K., WC1E 7HX"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS20156 , Cedex 09,","place":["Grenoble, France, 38042"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwel V.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , , Harwell Oxford, , ,","place":["Didcot, Oxfordshire, U.K., OX11 0QX"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diamond Light Source , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , ,","place":["Didcot, U.K., OX11 0DE"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley W.","family":"Botchway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , , Harwell Oxford, , ,","place":["Didcot, Oxfordshire, U.K., OX11 0FA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine C.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of London , , Malet Street , ,","place":["London, U.K., WC1E 7HX"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090213192275100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007554","article-title":"The pulmonary surfactant system:\nbiochemical and clinical aspects","volume":"175","author":"Creuwels","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"2026090213192275100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2008.05.003","article-title":"Structure\nof pulmonary surfactant membranes and films: The role of proteins\nand lipid\u2013protein interactions","volume":"1778","author":"Pe\u0301rez-Gil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim.\nBiophys. 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