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To mitigate postinjury inflammation and explore the role of positively charged scaffolds in brain repair, two distinct structures of positively charged scaffolds were developed. Both scaffold types effectively reduce inflammation and promote brain tissue repair by eliminating DAMPs, markedly reducing glial scar formation, and promoting angiogenesis in peritrauma areas within 4 weeks of implantation. Notably, scaffolds with cationic backbones exhibit repair outcomes superior to those of other groups due to reduced cellular stimulation and milder chronic inflammation. This study underscores the potential of positively charged scaffolds for central nervous system (CNS) regeneration and provides novel insights into the design of tissue engineering scaffolds for CNS repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.5c01116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T03:14:25Z","timestamp":1757042065000},"page":"6802-6816","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Positively Charged\nPolyurethane Scaffolds Reshape\nthe Microenvironment to Promote Endogenous Regeneration after Brain\nInjury"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mofei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qingdao University of Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Qingdao, Shandong, China, 266000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingtao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , , ,","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6513-215X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6645-9496","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Feng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiehua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7893-2412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]},{"name":"Sichuan University , , , ,","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0695-1619","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University , , ,","place":["Chengdu, China, 610065"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081812171736900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15608","article-title":"Management\nof traumatic brain injury: A narrative review of current evidence","volume":"77","author":"Wiles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"2026081812171736900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30362-9","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury: A global challenge","volume":"16","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"2026081812171736900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2022.08.028","article-title":"Decellularized extracellular matrix\nand mesenchymal\nstem cells promote recovery in traumatic brain injury by synergistically\nenhancing neurogenesis and attenuating neuroinflammation","volume":"138","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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