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In many cases, prolonged recovery time leads to complications and requires a multifunctional approach that can target tissue regeneration and prevents infection. The supramolecular assembly of peptides yield well-defined nanoassemblies that resemble the extracellular matrix and influence cellular interactions. The peptide-based systems allow structural fine-tuning, high biocompatibility, and the ability to incorporate bioactive signals. Despite advances in peptide-based supramolecular gels for wound treatment, multifunctional peptide-based scaffolds remain relatively unexplored. In this work, we have designed a melatonin-conjugated amphiphilic peptide that self-assembles into a viscoelastic, nanofibrous gel with antibacterial and wound-healing functions. The amphiphilic nanofibers effectively disrupted bacterial membranes, and conjugated melatonin enhanced the antioxidant activity and promoted M1 to M2 macrophage polarization. The structural and biological properties of the self-assembled gel provide a promising multifunctional platform for wound management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.6c00504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:08:57Z","timestamp":1785128937000},"page":"5287-5302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Supramolecular\nNano-Assembly of Melatonin-Conjugated\nPeptide as a Multifunctional Scaffold for Wound Healing Applications"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Pruthviraj","family":"Bundel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , , , ,","place":["Rupnagar, Punjab, India, 140001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranjit","family":"Shounak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , , , ,","place":["Rupnagar, Punjab, India, 140001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Vashisth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , , , ,","place":["Rupnagar, Punjab, India, 140001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1625-8156","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yashveer","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , , , ,","place":["Rupnagar, Punjab, India, 140001"]},{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , , , ,","place":["Rupnagar, Punjab, India, 140001"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2026081008073272600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1177\/21621918251359554","article-title":"Human Wound\nand Its Burden: Updated 2025 Compendium of Estimates","volume":"14","author":"Sen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. 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Wound J."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081008073272600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5474","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MH01054F","article-title":"Infected Wound Repair with an Ultrasound-Enhanced Nanozyme Hydrogel\nScaffold","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081008073272600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13020109","article-title":"Bacterial Biofilm in Chronic Wounds\nand Possible Therapeutic Approaches","volume":"13","author":"Cavallo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081008073272600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7101","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.4c01064","article-title":"Emerging Technological Advancement\nfor Chronic Wound Treatment and\nTheir Role in Accelerating Wound Healing","volume":"7","author":"Ghosh","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS\nAppl. Bio Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081008073272600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15010036","article-title":"Smart Healing\nfor Wound Repair: Emerging Multifunctional Strategies in Personalized\nRegenerative Medicine and Their Relevance to Orthopedics","volume":"15","author":"Arciola","year":"2026","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081008073272600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.70686","article-title":"Hyperbaric\nOxygen Therapy as an Effective Adjunctive\nTreatment in the Reconstruction of Tissue Defects With Graft in Diabetic\nFoot Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"22","author":"Zaman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. 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Soc."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081008073272600_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.20230115","article-title":"Supramolecular Polymers:\nDynamic Assemblies of \u201cDancing\u201d Monomers","volume":"61","author":"Pavlovic\u0301","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Polym. 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Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"2026081008073272600_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20240090","DOI":"10.1002\/exp.20240090","article-title":"Peptide RL-QN15 Regulates\nFunctions of Epidermal Stem Cells to Accelerate\nSkin Wound Regeneration via the FZD8\/\u03b2-Catenin Axis","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exploration"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081008073272600_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2025.211","article-title":"Ultra-Short Cyclic Peptide CyRL-QN15 Acts as a TLR4 Antagonist to Expedite Oral Ulcer\nHealing","volume":"46","author":"Ru","year":"2025","journal-title":"Zool. 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Opin. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026081008073272600_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121231","article-title":"An Injectable,\nSelf-Healing, and Antioxidant Collagen-\nand Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel Mediated with Gallic Acid and Dopamine\nfor Wound Repair","volume":"320","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"2026081008073272600_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124336","article-title":"Hyaluronic Acid-Quercetin\nPendant Drug Conjugate for Wound Healing Applications","volume":"240","author":"Rao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"30","key":"2026081008073272600_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402056","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402056","article-title":"Legumain-Guided\nFerulate-Peptide Self-Assembly Enhances Macrophage-Endotheliocyte\nPartnership to Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis After Myocardial Infarction","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081008073272600_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1556-7","article-title":"Melatonin as a Master\nRegulator of Cell Death and Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms and\nClinical Implications for Newborn Care","volume":"10","author":"Tarocco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell\nDeath Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081008073272600_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8417","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c17092","article-title":"Melatonin-Loaded Nanoparticles\nAugment Mitophagy to\nRetard Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"16","author":"Biswal","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081008073272600_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8307","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c12580","article-title":"Melatonin-Derived Carbon\nDots with Free Radical Scavenging Property for Effective Periodontitis\nTreatment via the Nrf2\/HO-1 Pathway","volume":"18","author":"Xin","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081008073272600_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.110367","article-title":"Melatonin\nAlleviates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Dry Eye by Regulating Macrophage\nPolarization via IFT27 and Lowering ERK\/JNK Phosphorylation","volume":"27","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"2026081008073272600_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117092","article-title":"Melatonin Regulates\nMicroglial M1\/M2 Polarization via AMPK\u03b12-Mediated Mitophagy\nin Attenuating Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy","volume":"177","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"2026081008073272600_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2022.106100","article-title":"Novel Melatonin-Trientine\nConjugate\nas Potential Therapeutic Agents for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"128","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. 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