{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T20:42:09Z","timestamp":1793997729719,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EMDR\/SG\/11\/2025-01-03567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EMDR\/SG\/11\/2025-01-03567"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRG\/2020\/004251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRG\/2020\/004251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Council?of?Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSIR09\/1129(12883)\/2021-EMR-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSIR09\/1129(12883)\/2021-EMR-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IF240104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF240104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neurodegenerative disorders pose a major global health challenge due to impaired electrical signaling in nerve fibers, yet effective regenerative therapies remain limited. Here, we report an injectable hydrogel that integrates intrinsic conductivity, antioxidative capacity, and strain-stiffening mechanics, to emulate key features of the neural extracellular matrix (ECM) and promote neuronal differentiation. We design peptide amphiphiles (Fcn, n = 5, 10) by anchoring a redox-active ferrocene (Fc) motif to a self-assembling peptide segment (NVFFAKKC) via methylene spacers (n). These nanofibers are dynamically cross-linked with a thermoresponsive polymer, PDMA, via Schiff-base chemistry to furnish Fcn-PDMA hydrogels exhibiting tunable electrical conductivity, potent radical-scavenging ability, and nonlinear strain-stiffening behavior. Notably, the hydrogels display both heat- and strain-induced stiffening behavior reminiscent of fibrin networks. In vitro experiments show that SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells encapsulated in these hydrogels, particularly Fc10-PDMA, exhibit excellent biocompatibility, resistance to oxidative stress, and enhanced neurite outgrowth. Taken together, the multifunctional hydrogels provide a biomimetic 3D niche that leverages electrical, mechanical, and redox cues to synergistically promote neurogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.6c00930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:03:05Z","timestamp":1785898985000},"page":"6074-6085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intrinsically\nStrain-Stiffening, Conductive, ROS-Scavenging\nPeptide\u2013Polymer Hydrogel to Promote Neurite Outgrowth"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Debasish","family":"Nath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nano Science and Technology , , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , , ,","place":["Mohali, Punjab, India, 140306"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jahanvi","family":"Ralhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nano Science and Technology , , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , , ,","place":["Mohali, Punjab, India, 140306"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pallavi S.","family":"Chaubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nano Science and Technology , , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , , ,","place":["Mohali, Punjab, India, 140306"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Nirwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nano Science and Technology , , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , , ,","place":["Mohali, Punjab, India, 140306"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6158-1158","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Asish","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nano Science and Technology , , Knowledge City, Sector-81 , , ,","place":["Mohali, Punjab, India, 140306"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/35039559","article-title":"Regenerating the Damaged Central Nervous System","volume":"407","author":"Horner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3476","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-24-00844","article-title":"Biomaterial-Based Strategies:\nA New Era in Spinal Cord\nInjury Treatment","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.25221","article-title":"Oxidative Stress Following\nSpinal Cord Injury: From Molecular Mechanisms\nto Therapeutic Targets","volume":"101","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2011.111","article-title":"Oxidative\nStress in Spinal Cord Injury and Antioxidant-Based Intervention","volume":"50","author":"Jia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2102530","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202102530","article-title":"Intervertebral Disc Degeneration:\nBiomaterials and Tissue Engineering Strategies toward Precision Medicine","volume":"11","author":"Mohd Isa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4993","article-title":"Mechanical\nConfinement Regulates Cartilage Matrix Formation by Chondrocytes","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41428-021-00536-5","article-title":"Functionalization\nof Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering","volume":"53","author":"Kambe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym. J."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180216","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.180216","article-title":"How the Extracellular\nMatrix Shapes Neural Development","volume":"9","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"Royal Society\nOpen Biology"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17874","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-54248-1","article-title":"Functional Maturation of Human Neural Stem Cells in\na 3D Bioengineered Brain Model Enriched with Fetal Brain-Derived Matrix","volume":"9","author":"Sood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. 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Chem."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25110","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c05469","article-title":"Stimuli-Responsive\nSelf-Assembly\/Disassembly in Peptide Amphiphiles\nto Endow Block-Co-Fibers and Tunable Piezoelectric Response","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202501288","article-title":"Role of Symmetry to\nDictate Pathway-Driven Self-Assembly in Photoresponsive Peptide Amphiphiles","volume":"31","author":"Ralhan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem.\u2500Eur. J."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15878","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c03083","article-title":"Self-Sorting vs Coassembly in Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular\nNanostructures","volume":"18","author":"Sangji","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202404233","article-title":"The Impact\nof Single Amino Acid Insertion on the Supramolecular Assembly Pathway\nof Aromatic Peptide Amphiphiles","volume":"31","author":"Higuchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem.\u2500Eur.\nJ."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2409176","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202409176","article-title":"Attenuation of Pathway\nComplexity\nin Arginine-Rich Peptide with Polydopamine","volume":"21","author":"Mavlankar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1039\/D0SM00033G","article-title":"Photoresponsive\nchain collapse in a flexo-rigid functional copolymer to modulate the\nself-healing behaviour","volume":"16","author":"Joseph","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18386","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c18331","article-title":"Biocatalytic Regulation of Peptide Self-Assembly for\nBiomineralization","volume":"147","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00725H","article-title":"Biomimetic\nMineralization Based on Self-Assembling Peptides","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8688","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TB00810C","article-title":"Maneuvering the Mineralization of\nSelf-Assembled Peptide Nanofibers for Designing Mechanically-Stiffened\nSelf-Healable Composites toward Bone-Mimetic ECM","volume":"12","author":"Mavlankar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.0c03757","article-title":"Pathway-Driven\nPeptide-Bioglass Nanocomposites as the Dynamic and Self-Healable Matrix","volume":"33","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. 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Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.3c01018","article-title":"Thermoresponsive\nInjectable Hydrogel to Mimic the Heat- and Strain-Stiffening Behavior\nof Biopolymers toward Muscle Cell Proliferation","volume":"25","author":"Nath","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8153","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5c01064","article-title":"Enzymatically Regulated\npH-Responsive\nHydrogel with Intrinsic Electromechanical Cue toward Myoblast Differentiation","volume":"37","author":"Nath","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3258","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.4c00210","article-title":"Conductive Polyisocyanide Hydrogels\nInhibit Fibrosis\nand Promote Myogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Kumari","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402698","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202402698","article-title":"Constructing nerve guidance conduit using dECM-doped\nconductive hydrogel\nto promote peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"34","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\nFunct. Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2302251","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202302251","article-title":"Three potential elements\nof developing nerve guidance conduit for\nperipheral nerve regeneration","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11006","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB01838E","article-title":"Conducting Polymer-Based Scaffolds\nfor Neuronal Tissue Engineering","volume":"11","author":"Yi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem.\nB"},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000123","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000123","article-title":"Conductive Biomaterials as Substrates\nfor Neural Stem Cells Differentiation towards Neuronal Lineage Cells","volume":"21","author":"Farokhi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202416085","article-title":"Conductive\nnanocomposite\nhydrogels for neural tissue engineering: A systematic scoping review\nof recent trends","volume":"12","author":"Moghaddasi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026091407062653600_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2010.01.040","article-title":"Structural Hierarchy Governs Fibrin Gel Mechanics","volume":"98","author":"Piechocka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biophys. 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