{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T19:18:15Z","timestamp":1788635895980,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]],"date-time":"2020-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccbyncnd_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005298","name":"Universidad de Costa Rica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005298","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Assessment of the surface reactivity of natural metal-(hydr)oxide nanoparticles is necessary for predicting ion adsorption phenomena in soils using surface complexation modeling. Here, we describe how the equilibrium concentrations of PO4, obtained with 0.5 M NaHCO3 extractions at different solution-to-soil ratios, can be interpreted with a state-of-the-art ion adsorption model for ferrihydrite to assess the reactive surface area (RSA) of agricultural top soils. Simultaneously, the method reveals the fraction of reversibly adsorbed soil PO4 (R-PO4). The applied ion-probing methodology shows that ferrihydrite is a better proxy than goethite for consistently assessing RSA and R-PO4. The R-PO4 pool agrees well with ammonium oxalate (AO)-extractable phosphorus, but only if measured as orthophosphate. The RSA varied between \u223c2 and 20 m2\/g soil. The corresponding specific surface area (SSA) of the natural metal-(hydr)oxide fraction is \u223c350\u20131400 m2\/g, illustrating that this property is highly variable and cannot be represented by a single value based on the AO-extractable oxide content. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content of our top soils increases linearly not only with the increase in RSA but remarkably also with the increase in mean particle size (1.5\u20135 nm). To explain these observations, we present a structural model for organo-mineral associations based on the coordination of SOC particles to metal-(hydr)oxide cores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T08:48:08Z","timestamp":1599641288000},"page":"11990-12000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Assessing\nthe Reactive Surface Area of Soils and the\nAssociation of Soil Organic Carbon with Natural Oxide Nanoparticles\nUsing Ferrihydrite as Proxy"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1658-400X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan C.","family":"Mendez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen University and Research , , P.O. Box 47, ,","place":["Wageningen, The Netherlands, 6700 AA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tjisse","family":"Hiemstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen University and Research , , P.O. Box 47, ,","place":["Wageningen, The Netherlands, 6700 AA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerwin F.","family":"Koopmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wageningen University and Research , , P.O. Box 47, ,","place":["Wageningen, The Netherlands, 6700 AA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090114122060800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/3527602097","volume-title":"The Iron Oxides: Structure,\nProperties, Reactions, Ocurrence and Uses","author":"Cornell","year":"2003","edition":"2"},{"key":"2026090114122060800_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1039\/C2TA00523A","article-title":"Naturally Occurring Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Morphology,\nSurface Chemistry and Environmental Stability","volume":"1","author":"Guo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. 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Agron."},{"key":"2026090114122060800_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10855","article-title":"Preservation\nof Organic Matter in Sediments Promoted by Iron","volume":"483","author":"Lalonde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026090114122060800_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2009.10.018","article-title":"Nanoparticles\nin Natural Systems I: The Effective Reactive Surface Area of the Natural\nOxide Fraction in Field Samples","volume":"74","author":"Hiemstra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim.\nActa"},{"key":"2026090114122060800_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2010.0455","article-title":"Iron Oxides\nas Major\nAvailable Interface Component in Loamy Arable Topsoils","volume":"75","author":"Pronk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 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