{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:08:12Z","timestamp":1792606092300,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616544000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616544000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616544000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201806400050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201806400050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1604042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1604042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Iron hydroxides are important scavengers for dissolved chromium (Cr) via coprecipitation processes; however, the influences of organic matter (OM) on Cr sequestration in Fe\/Cr-OM ternary systems and the stability of the coprecipitates are not well understood. Here, Fe\/Cr-OM coprecipitation was conducted at pH 3, and Cr hydroxide was undersaturated. Acetic acid (HAc), poly\u00ad(acrylic acid) (PAA), and Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) were selected as model OMs, which showed different complexation capabilities with Fe\/Cr ions and Fe\/Cr hydroxide particles. HAc had no significant effect on the coprecipitation, as the monodentate carboxyl ligand in HAc did not favor complexation with dissolved Fe\/Cr ions or Fe\/Cr hydroxide nanoparticles. Contrarily, PAA and SRNOM with polydentate carboxyl ligand had strong complexation with Fe\/Cr ions and Fe\/Cr hydroxide nanoparticles, leading to significant amounts of PAA\/SRNOM sequestered in the coprecipitates, which caused the structural disorder and fast aggregation of the coprecipitates. In comparison with that of PAA, preferential complexation of Cr ions with SRNOM resulted in higher Cr\/Fe ratios in the coprecipitates. This study advances the fundamental understanding of Fe\/Cr-OM coprecipitation and mechanisms controlling the composition and stability of the coprecipitates, which is essential for successful Cr remediation and removal in both natural and engineered settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c04712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T12:59:51Z","timestamp":1616590791000},"page":"4638-4647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Coprecipitation\nof Fe\/Cr Hydroxides with Organics:\nRoles of Organic Properties in Composition and Stability of the Coprecipitates"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7658-9323","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ning","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston , , , ,","place":["Houston, Texas, United States, 77004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston , , , ,","place":["Houston, Texas, United States, 77004"]},{"name":"China University of Geosciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Argonne National Laboratory , , , ,","place":["Lemont, Illinois, United States, 60439"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Geosciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100083"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheyda","family":"Shakiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston , , , ,","place":["Houston, Texas, United States, 77004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8521-0490","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stacey M.","family":"Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston , , , ,","place":["Houston, Texas, United States, 77004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Rixey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston , , , ,","place":["Houston, Texas, United States, 77004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8506-9335","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yandi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Houston , , , ,","place":["Houston, Texas, United States, 77004"]},{"name":"Peking University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100871"]},{"name":"State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100871"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026081711100388200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1021\/es404557e","article-title":"Chromium\u00ad(III) complexation to natural\norganic matter: mechanisms and modeling","volume":"48","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b04319","article-title":"Homogeneous and Heterogeneous (Fex, Cr1\u2013x)\u00ad(OH)3 Precipitation:\nImplications for Cr Sequestration","volume":"50","author":"Dai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026081711100388200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13502","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b03637","article-title":"Dynamics of chromium\n(VI) removal from drinking water by iron electrocoagulation","volume":"50","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081711100388200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6308","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b00371","article-title":"Effect of humic\nacid on the removal of chromium (VI)\nand the production of solids in iron electrocoagulation","volume":"51","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081711100388200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10657","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b01693","article-title":"Water Decontamination\nfrom Cr\u00ad(III)-Organic Complexes\nBased on Pyrite\/H2O2: Performance, Mechanism, and Validation","volume":"52","author":"Ye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081711100388200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4918","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b06044","article-title":"Reoxidation\nof Chromium\u00ad(III) Products Formed under Different Biogeochemical Regimes","volume":"51","author":"Varadharajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2026081711100388200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.09.134","article-title":"Chromium\n(VI) biotransformation by\n\u03b2-and \u03b3-Proteobacteria from natural polluted environments:\na combined biological and chemical treatment for industrial wastes","volume":"175","author":"Garavaglia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081711100388200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1021\/es504140k","article-title":"Fe\u00ad(III) hydroxide nucleation\nand growth on quartz in the presence\nof Cu\u00ad(II), Pb\u00ad(II), and Cr\u00ad(III): metal hydrolysis and adsorption","volume":"49","author":"Dai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026081711100388200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12119","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c03160","article-title":"Interfacial\nand Activation Energies of Environmentally\nAbundant Heterogeneously Nucleated Iron (III)\u00ad(Hydr) oxide on Quartz","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit10","volume-title":"CRC handbook of chemistry\nand physics: a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data","author":"Lide","year":"1995"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.09.021","article-title":"Efficient removal of Cr\u00ad(III)-organic complexes from\nwater using UV\/Fe\u00ad(III) system: Negligible Cr\u00ad(VI) accumulation and\nmechanism","volume":"126","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.06.086","article-title":"Effects of\nAl2O3, Fe2O3, and SiO2 on Cr (VI) formation during heating of solid waste containing\nCr (III","volume":"304","author":"Mao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.02.102","article-title":"Inhibition\nof Cr (III) oxidation during thermal treatment of simulated tannery\nsludge: The role of phosphate","volume":"294","author":"Mao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081711100388200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12416","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b04097","article-title":"Rates of\nCr (VI) Generation from Crx Fe1\u2013x(OH)3 Solids upon Reaction with Manganese Oxide","volume":"51","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05739","article-title":"Kinetics and mechanisms\nof Cr (VI) formation via the oxidation of\nCr (III) solid phases by chlorine in drinking water","volume":"50","author":"Chebeir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1021\/es1023898","article-title":"Fractionation\nof organic matter due\nto reaction with ferrihydrite: coprecipitation versus adsorption","volume":"45","author":"Eusterhues","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.1999.6184","article-title":"Surface complexation\nmodeling of organic acid sorption\nto goethite","volume":"214","author":"Evanko","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.03.008","article-title":"Aggregation\nof ferrihydrite nanoparticles: Effects of pH, electrolytes,\nand organics","volume":"172","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026081711100388200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13751","DOI":"10.1021\/es503669u","article-title":"Properties of Fe-organic\nmatter associations via coprecipitation versus adsorption","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mineral\u2013organic\nassociations: formation, properties, and relevance in soil environments","volume-title":"Advances in agronomy","author":"Kleber","year":"2015"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081711100388200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(96)00059-2","article-title":"Competitive adsorption,\ndisplacement, and transport of organic matter on iron oxide: I. Competitive\nadsorption","volume":"60","author":"Gu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.02.040","article-title":"Ligand effects on nitrate\nreduction by zero-valent iron: role of surface complexation","volume":"114","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit23","volume-title":"Aquatic chemistry:\nchemical equilibria and rates in natural waters","author":"Stumm","year":"2012"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026081711100388200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12612","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b02793","article-title":"Stabilization\nof natural organic\nmatter by short-range-order iron hydroxides","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7388","key":"2026081711100388200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10855","article-title":"Preservation of organic\nmatter in sediments promoted by iron","volume":"483","author":"Lalonde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2012.06.003","article-title":"Complexes with aquatic organic matter suppress hydrolysis\nand precipitation of Fe\u00ad(III)","volume":"322\u2013323","author":"Karlsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081711100388200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4820","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b06510","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms\nof chromium (III) immobilization by organo-ferrihydrite co-precipitates:\nThe significant roles of ferrihydrite and carboxyl","volume":"54","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081711100388200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2009.09.023","article-title":"Coordination chemistry\nand hydrolysis of Fe (III) in\na peat humic acid studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy","volume":"74","author":"Karlsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081711100388200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2007.11.035","article-title":"Synthetic\ncoprecipitates of exopolysaccharides\nand ferrihydrite. Part I: Characterization","volume":"72","author":"Mikutta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081711100388200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2004.0274","article-title":"Ferrihydrite\u2013humic\nassociations","volume":"69","author":"Schwertmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081711100388200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6761","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01189","article-title":"Natural Organic\nMatter (NOM) Imparts Molecular-Weight-Dependent Steric\nStabilization or Electrostatic Destabilization to Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2014.09.036","article-title":"Complexation and precipitation\nreactions in the ternary As\u00ad(V)\u2013Fe\u00ad(III)\u2013OM (organic matter)\nsystem","volume":"145","author":"Sundman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081711100388200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11632","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b03492","article-title":"Coupled Kinetics\nof Ferrihydrite Transformation and As\u00ad(V) Sequestration under the Effect\nof Humic Acids: A Mechanistic and Quantitative Study","volume":"52","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.10.092","article-title":"Particle size, charge\nand colloidal stability of humic\nacids coprecipitated with ferrihydrite","volume":"99","author":"Angelico","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026081711100388200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3242","DOI":"10.1021\/es9911418","article-title":"Coagulation-flocculation of natural\norganic matter with Al salts: Speciation and structure of the aggregates","volume":"34","author":"Masion","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081711100388200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12989","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02872","article-title":"Molecular Sorption\nMechanisms of Cr (III) to Organo-Ferrihydrite\nCoprecipitates Using Synchrotron-Based EXAFS and STXM Techniques","volume":"54","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081711100388200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(99)00534-2","article-title":"Adsorption\/desorption\nproperties of copper ions on\nthe surface of iron-coated sand using BET and EDAX analyses","volume":"41","author":"Lai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.045","article-title":"Aqueous aggregation\nbehavior of citric acid coated\nmagnetite nanoparticles: Effects of pH, cations, anions, and humic\nacid","volume":"161","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081711100388200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EN00835J","article-title":"Impurity-bearing\nferrihydrite nanoparticle precipitation\/deposition\non quartz and corundum","volume":"5","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081711100388200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1021\/es403777w","article-title":"Aluminum affects heterogeneous Fe\u00ad(III)\n(Hydr)\u00adoxide nucleation, growth, and ostwald ripening","volume":"48","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026081711100388200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9198","DOI":"10.1021\/es401160g","article-title":"Control of heterogeneous\nFe (III)\u00ad(hydr) oxide nucleation and growth by interfacial energies\nand local saturations. Environ. Sci","volume":"47","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081711100388200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7737","DOI":"10.1021\/la300791w","article-title":"Environmentally abundant anions influence\nthe nucleation, growth, ostwald ripening, and aggregation of hydrous\nFe (III) oxides","volume":"28","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081711100388200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.38.2297","article-title":"X-ray and neutron scattering\nfrom\nrough surfaces","volume":"38","author":"Sinha","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter\nMater. Phys."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889809002222","article-title":"Irena: tool suite for modeling and analysis of small-angle\nscattering","volume":"42","author":"Ilavsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2026081711100388200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2005.02.008","article-title":"Influence\nof acetate ions and the role of the diluents on the extraction of\ncopper (II), nickel (II), cobalt (II), magnesium (II) and iron (II,\nIII) with different types of extractants","volume":"78","author":"Van\nDe Voorde","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit46","article-title":"NIST\nstandard\nreference database 46","volume":"2","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"NIST Critically Selected\nStability Constants of Metal Complexes Database Ver"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081711100388200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1021\/es034650p","article-title":"Nitrate\nreduction by zerovalent iron: effects of formate,\noxalate, citrate, chloride, sulfate, borate, and phosphate","volume":"38","author":"Su","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081711100388200_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/zaac.19895710120","article-title":"Effect of acetate and EDTA ligands\non Hydrolysis of the Iron (III) Ion in sodium chloride medium","volume":"571","author":"Milic\u0301","year":"1989","journal-title":"Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem."},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"2026081711100388200_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1081\/PLN-120024252","article-title":"Factors affecting the\nformation, nature, and properties of iron precipitation products at\nthe soil\u2013root interface","volume":"26","author":"Violante","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Plant Nutr."},{"issue":"5266","key":"2026081711100388200_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/228083a0","article-title":"Competitive adsorption of phosphate\nwith polygalacturonate and other organic anions on kaolinite and oxide\nsurfaces","volume":"228","author":"Nagarajah","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026081711100388200_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1021\/jp9839706","article-title":"Chemical and electrostatic association\nof various metal ions by poly (acrylic acid) and poly (methacrylic\nacid) as studied by potentiometry","volume":"103","author":"Porasso","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Phys.\nChem. B"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081711100388200_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6801","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201406516","article-title":"Modeling the IR spectra of aqueous\nmetal carboxylate complexes: Correlation between bonding geometry\nand stretching mode wavenumber shifts","volume":"21","author":"Sutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem.\n- Eur. J."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"2026081711100388200_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2006.06.027","article-title":"Supramolecular\nassociation induced by Fe (III) in low molecular weight sodium polyacrylate","volume":"292","author":"Baigorri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., A"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026081711100388200_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5802","DOI":"10.1021\/la027012d","article-title":"In situ FTIR-ATR\nexamination of poly\n(acrylic acid) adsorbed onto hematite at low pH","volume":"19","author":"Kirwan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)00282-Q","article-title":"Adsorption\nand desorption of different organic matter fractions on iron oxide","volume":"59","author":"Gu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081711100388200_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EN00283D","article-title":"Fractal aggregation\nand disaggregation of newly formed iron (III)\u00ad(hydr) oxide nanoparticles\nin the presence of natural organic matter and arsenic","volume":"3","author":"Neil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit57","first-page":"75","article-title":"Acidic functional\ngroups of Suwannee River natural organic matter, humic acids, and\nfulvic acids","volume-title":"Advances in the Physicochemical\nCharacterization of Dissolved Organic Matter: Impact on Natural and\nEngineered Systems","author":"Driver","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.02.068","article-title":"A review on chitosan-based\nflocculants and their applications in water treatment","volume":"95","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081711100388200_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1021\/cm1000472","article-title":"Structural properties of the Cr (III)\u2013Fe\n(III)\u00ad(Oxy) hydroxide compositional series: Insights for a nanomaterial\n\u201csolid solution\u201d","volume":"22","author":"Tang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(92)90182-L","article-title":"X-ray absorption\nspectroscopic study of the sorption\nof Cr (III) at the oxide-water interface: II. Adsorption, coprecipitation,\nand surface precipitation on hydrous ferric oxide","volume":"148","author":"Charlet","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081711100388200_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2011.06.002","article-title":"X-ray absorption\nspectroscopy study on the effect of hydroxybenzoic acids on the formation\nand structure of ferrihydrite","volume":"75","author":"Mikutta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim.\nActa"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081711100388200_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4131","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07134","article-title":"AQDS and redox-active NOM enables\nmicrobial Fe (III)-mineral reduction at cm-scales","volume":"54","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081711100388200_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3250","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05709","article-title":"Rapid iron\nreduction rates are stimulated by high-amplitude redox fluctuations\nin a tropical forest soil","volume":"51","author":"Ginn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"19\u201320","key":"2026081711100388200_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00267-7","article-title":"Reduction\nof iron (III) minerals by natural organic matter in groundwater","volume":"63","author":"Banwart","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081711100388200_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1021\/es505059d","article-title":"Production\nand transformation of mixed-valent nanoparticles\ngenerated by Fe (0) electrocoagulation","volume":"49","author":"Dubrawski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"6223","key":"2026081711100388200_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1038\/339360a0","article-title":"Universality in colloid aggregation","volume":"339","author":"Lin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081711100388200_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.1996.0033","article-title":"Role of polymer\nconformation in interparticle-bridging\ndominated flocculation","volume":"177","author":"Yu","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface\nSci."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2026081711100388200_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S1383-5866(00)00072-1","article-title":"Aggregate structures formed via a\nbridging flocculation mechanism","volume":"80","author":"Biggs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Eng.\nJ."},{"key":"2026081711100388200_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-8686(91)80045-L","article-title":"Particle flocculation by adsorbing\npolymers","volume":"34","author":"Dickinson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.0c04712","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/55\/8\/4638\/3707829\/es0c04712.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/55\/8\/4638\/3707829\/es0c04712.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:38:00Z","timestamp":1786981080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article\/55\/8\/4638\/383854\/Coprecipitation-of-Fe-Cr-Hydroxides-with-Organics"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.0c04712","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]]}}}