{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:24:37Z","timestamp":1787005477587,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003091","name":"Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1906215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1906215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003091","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41877349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41877349"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41907198"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41907198"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41977190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1906215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1906215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Province","award":["2019B110206001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019B110206001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nitrogen isotope (\u03b415N) monitoring is a potentially powerful tool in tracing atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NOx); however, the isotopic fingerprint of vehicle exhaust remains poorly interpreted. This deficiency limits our understanding of the origin of atmospheric haze pollution, especially in China. In this study, we systemically explored the \u03b415N-NOx fingerprints of various vehicle exhausts (n = 137) in China. The \u03b415N-NOx values of vehicle exhausts ranged from \u221218.8\u2030 to +6.4\u2030, presenting a significant correlation with NOx concentrations (p &amp;lt; 0.01). The highest \u03b415N-NOx values were observed for liquefied petroleum gas vehicles (\u22120.1 \u00b1 1.8\u2030), followed by gasoline vehicles (\u22127.0 \u00b1 4.8\u2030) and diesel vehicles (\u221212.7 \u00b1 3.4\u2030), all of which displayed a rising trend as emissions standards were continuously updated. The \u03b415N-NOx values under working conditions followed the trend warm start (\u22125.9 \u00b1 5.0\u2030) &amp;gt; driving (\u22127.3 \u00b1 5.9\u2030) &amp;gt; cold start (\u22129.2 \u00b1 2.7\u2030). By establishing a suitable model for assessing representative \u03b415N-NOx values, the \u03b415N-NOx values of various vehicles, including different fuel types with different emission standards, were evaluated. A model of \u03b415N-NOx associated with motor vehicle data was developed, which estimated the national \u03b415N-NOx value of vehicle emissions to be \u221212.6 \u00b1 2.2\u2030, but there was considerable variation among different target areas in China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c04749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T13:40:46Z","timestamp":1603806046000},"page":"14246-14253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Insight\ninto the Variability of the Nitrogen Isotope\nComposition of Vehicular NO\n                    <i>x<\/i>\n                    in China"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Zong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS , , , ,","place":["Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China, 264003"]},{"name":"Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Qingdao City, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS , , , ,","place":["Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China, 264003"]},{"name":"Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Qingdao City, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leilei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS , , , ,","place":["Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China, 264003"]},{"name":"Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Qingdao City, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6058-9353","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chongguo","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS , , , ,","place":["Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China, 264003"]},{"name":"Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Qingdao City, P. R. China, 266071"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, P. R. China, 511443"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinge","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, P. R. China, 511443"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3637-1642","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7531-546X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yunting","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , , ,","place":["Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China, 110164"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8267-7255","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junyu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jinan University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, P. R. China, 511443"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9010-8140","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7521","key":"2026081717234052300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13774","article-title":"High secondary aerosol contribution\nto particulate pollution during haze events in China","volume":"514","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"49","key":"2026081717234052300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24463","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1907956116","article-title":"Drivers of improved PM2.5 air quality in\nChina from 2013 to 2017","volume":"116","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.\nU. S. A."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2018.06.038","article-title":"Characterizing remarkable changes of severe haze events and chemical\ncompositions in multi-size airborne particles (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10) from January 2013 to 2016\u20132017\nwinter in Beijing, China","volume":"189","author":"Shao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.06.294","article-title":"Nitrate dominates the\nchemical composition of PM2.5 during\nhaze event in Beijing, China","volume":"689","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081717234052300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1601530","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1601530","article-title":"Reactive nitrogen chemistry\nin aerosol water as a source of sulfate during haze events in China","volume":"2","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"48","key":"2026081717234052300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13630","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1616540113","article-title":"Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog to Chinese\nhaze","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026081717234052300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11267","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-11267-2019","article-title":"Ozone enhancement due\nto the photodissociation of nitrous acid in\neastern China. Atmos","volume":"19","author":"Tie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos.\nChem. Phys."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081717234052300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-019-0352-4","article-title":"Stabilization\nof atmospheric\nnitrogen deposition in China over the past decade","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"issue":"7438","key":"2026081717234052300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11917","article-title":"Enhanced nitrogen deposition over\nChina","volume":"494","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.01.081","article-title":"Isotopic\nevaluation on relative contributions of major NOx sources\nto nitrate of PM2.5 in Beijing","volume":"248","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ.\nPollut."},{"issue":"5932","key":"2026081717234052300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1170510","article-title":"Anthropogenic impacts on nitrogen\nisotopes of ice-core nitrate","volume":"324","author":"Hastings","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105592","article-title":"Dual-modelling-based\nsource apportionment of NOx in five Chinese megacities:\nProviding the isotopic footprint from 2013 to 2014","volume":"137","author":"Zong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.177","article-title":"Isotopic\nadvances in understanding\nreactive nitrogen deposition and atmospheric processing","volume":"662","author":"Elliott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G04020","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JG000889","article-title":"Dual nitrate isotopes\nin dry deposition:\nUtility for partitioning NOx source contributions to landscape\nnitrogen deposition","volume":"114","author":"Elliott","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"issue":"D24","key":"2026081717234052300_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4790","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JD003789","article-title":"Isotopic evidence\nfor source changes\nof nitrate in rain at Bermuda","volume":"108","author":"Hastings","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"issue":"D20","key":"2026081717234052300_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D20306","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JD004991","article-title":"Seasonal\nvariations in N and O isotopes\nof nitrate in snow at Summit, Greenland: Implications for the study\nof nitrate in snow and ice cores","volume":"109","author":"Hastings","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Geophys.\nRes."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.03.006","article-title":"Use of isotopic compositions of nitrate in TSP to identify\nsources and chemistry in South China Sea","volume":"109","author":"Xiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos.\nEnviron."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081717234052300_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5923","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b06316","article-title":"First Assessment of NOx Sources at a Regional Background\nSite in North China Using Isotopic Analysis Linked with Modeling","volume":"51","author":"Zong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081717234052300_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3528","DOI":"10.1021\/es203355v","article-title":"Nitrogen\nisotopic composition of\ncoal-fired power plant NOx: influence of emission controls and implications\nfor global emission inventories","volume":"46","author":"Felix","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.\nTechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081717234052300_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.3402\/tellusb.v42i3.15223","article-title":"15N\/14N ratios of NOx from vehicle engines\nand coal-fired power stations","volume":"42","author":"Heaton","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tellus, Ser.\nB"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081717234052300_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4698","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JD025877","article-title":"Vehicle\nNOx emission plume isotopic signatures: Spatial variability\nacross the\neastern United States","volume":"122","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081717234052300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1021\/es505580v","article-title":"Nitrogen stable isotope composition\n(\u03b415N) of vehicle-emitted NOx","volume":"49","author":"Walters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081717234052300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11569","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b03510","article-title":"First Measurements\nof the Nitrogen Isotopic Composition\nof NOx from Biomass Burning","volume":"50","author":"Fibiger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081717234052300_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12058","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL079619","article-title":"Isotopic Composition of In Situ Soil NOx Emissions in Manure-Fertilizes Cropland","volume":"45","author":"Miller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geophys.\nRes. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081717234052300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6268","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b00592","article-title":"Novel Method for Nitrogen Isotopic Analysis of Soil-Emitted\nNitric Oxide","volume":"51","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"D17","key":"2026081717234052300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4537","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JD003453","article-title":"Global inventory of nitrogen oxide emissions constrained\nby space-based observations of NO2 columns","volume":"108","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081717234052300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1021\/es1014289","article-title":"On-Road Vehicle Emission Control in Beijing: Past,\nPresent, and Future","volume":"45","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.07.021","article-title":"Air pollutant\nemissions from on-road vehicles in China, 1999\u20132011","volume":"496","author":"Lang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.08.255","article-title":"Vehicle exhaust:\nAn overstated cause of haze in China","volume":"612","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total\nEnviron."},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2026081717234052300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2006.02.029","article-title":"Progress\nand future challenges in controlling automotive exhaust gas emissions","volume":"70","author":"Twigg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Catal., B"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081717234052300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4910","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b04002","article-title":"Real-World Emission\nFactors of Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants from Marine Fishing\nBoats and Their Total Emissions in China","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026081717234052300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12115","DOI":"10.1021\/ac502968e","article-title":"Collection of NO\nand NO2 for Isotopic Analysis of NOx Emissions","volume":"86","author":"Fibiger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"118","key":"2026081717234052300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54962","DOI":"10.3791\/54962","article-title":"Automated,\nHigh-resolution Mobile Collection System for the Nitrogen Isotopic\nAnalysis of NOx","author":"Wojtal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Visualized Exp."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081717234052300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/S1352-2310(97)00391-9","article-title":"A review\nof the molecular diffusivities of H2O, CO2,\nCH4, CO, O3, SO2, NH3,\nN2O, NO, and NO2 in air, O2 AND N2 near STP","volume":"32","author":"Massman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026081717234052300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4145","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010088e","article-title":"A bacterial method for the nitrogen isotopic analysis\nof nitrate in seawater and freshwater","volume":"73","author":"Sigman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal.\nChem."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.08.026","article-title":"Assessment\nand quantification of NOx sources at a regional background\nsite in North China: Comparative results from a Bayesian isotopic\nmixing model and a positive matrix factorization model","volume":"242","author":"Zong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026081717234052300_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11363","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b02769","article-title":"Nitrogen Isotope\nComposition of Thermally Produced NOx from Various Fossil-Fuel\nCombustion Sources","volume":"49","author":"Walters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit38","first-page":"577","article-title":"The oxidation\nof nitrogen in combustion and explosions","volume":"21","author":"Zeldovich","year":"1946","journal-title":"Eur.\nPhys. J. A: Hadrons Nuclei"},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ea.05.050177.000433","article-title":"Review of Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen,\nOxygen, Sulfur, and Chlorine Stable Isotope Fractionation among Gaseous\nMolecules","volume":"5","author":"Richet","year":"1977","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081717234052300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.12447","article-title":"Fundamentals-Based\nLow-Dimensional Combustion Modeling of Spark-Ignited Internal Combustion\nEngines","volume":"57","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIChE J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081717234052300_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2010.01260.x","article-title":"Liquefied petroleum\ngas cold burn sustained while refueling a car","volume":"22","author":"Scarr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Australas."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081717234052300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6609","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-6609-2016","article-title":"Effectiveness of\nreplacing catalytic converters in\nLPG-fueled vehicles in Hong Kong","volume":"16","author":"Lyu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem.\nPhys."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2014.10.021","article-title":"Development of database\nof real-world\ndiesel vehicle emission factors for China","volume":"31","author":"Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\nEnviron. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081717234052300_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1145\/359619.359634","article-title":"Cold-Start Vs Warm-Start Miss Ratios","volume":"21","author":"Easton","year":"1978","journal-title":"Commun.\nACM"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026081717234052300_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13945","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-13945-2019","article-title":"Molecular characterization of polar\norganic aerosol constituents in off-road engine emissions using Fourier\ntransform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS): implications\nfor source apportionment","volume":"19","author":"Cui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026081717234052300_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmva.2013.07.008","article-title":"Asymptotics of randomly weighted u- and v-statistics:\nApplication to bootstrap","volume":"121","author":"Csoergo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Multivariate Anal."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026081717234052300_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11223","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b03984","article-title":"Ammonia Emission\nMeasurements for Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles in\nChina and Implications for Emission Modeling","volume":"52","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. 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