{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:20:58Z","timestamp":1789053658323,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"name":"Smart Living Signature Area, Missouri University of Science and Technology"},{"name":"Center for Research on Energy and Environment, Missouri University of Science and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This work reports the incorporation of mixed-metal oxides (MMOs) such as Si\/Ti and Si\/Zr into latex paints in the form of thin coatings for permanent trapping of indoor formaldehyde. The formaldehyde removal performance of the surface coatings was evaluated in a lab-scale indoor air chamber, and the results were compared with those of powder analogues. Due to the pore blockage by the latex, the incorporation led to 6\u201330% reduction in adsorption capacity and 50\u201370% drop in the adsorption rate for MMO-latex paints relative to their powder MMO analogues. Under the operating conditions of concentration, temperature, and relative humidity, the Si\/Zr-latex paints outperformed the Si\/Ti counterparts. It was also observed that performance could decrease over excessive loading, for example, Si\/Zr-latex paint with 15\/1 Si\/Zr weight ratio showed a 20% lower adsorption capacity than that of the Si\/Zr-latex paint with 25\/1 Si\/Zr ratio at 5 ppmv, 25 \u00b0C, and 70% RH. While high temperature greatly reduced the adsorption rate of the MMO-latex paints, high humidity slightly promoted the rate of formaldehyde capture. In 10 L, flow-through chamber tests, 25Si\/Zr-latex paint reduced 5 ppmv formaldehyde by up to 60% at 25 \u00b0C and 70% RH with an adsorption rate of 0.34 ppmv\/h. Overall, this study highlights the potential of MMO-latex paints with optimized formation for the efficient abatement of indoor aldehydes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c00912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T15:14:41Z","timestamp":1623165281000},"page":"9255-9265","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Passive\nControl of Indoor Formaldehyde by Mixed-Metal\nOxide Latex Paints"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Busuyi\nO.","family":"Adebayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology , , 1101 N State Street , , ,","place":["Rolla, Missouri, United\nStates, 65409"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Trautman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology , , 1101 N State Street , , ,","place":["Rolla, Missouri, United\nStates, 65409"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qasim","family":"Al-Naddaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology , , 1101 N State Street , , ,","place":["Rolla, Missouri, United\nStates, 65409"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5228-5624","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali A.","family":"Rownaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology , , 1101 N State Street , , ,","place":["Rolla, Missouri, United\nStates, 65409"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4214-4235","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fateme","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology , , 1101 N State Street , , ,","place":["Rolla, Missouri, United\nStates, 65409"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2018.03.004","article-title":"Performance of Sorption-\nand Photocatalytic Oxidation-Based\nIndoor Passive Panel Technologies","volume":"135","author":"Zuraimi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit2","volume-title":"ANSI\/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2013: The Standards\nfor Ventilation\nand Indoor Air Quality","author":"ASHRAE","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108672","article-title":"Adsorption\nProperties of Advanced Functional Materials against Gaseous Formaldehyde","volume":"178","author":"Vikrant","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13354","DOI":"10.1021\/es303886q","article-title":"Removal of Formaldehyde\nfrom Air Using Functionalized Silica Supports","volume":"46","author":"Ewlad-Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125391","article-title":"Adsorptive Removal of an Eight-Component\nVolatile Organic\nCompound Mixture by Cu-, Co-, and Zr-Metal-Organic Frameworks: Experimental\nand Theoretical Studies","volume":"397","author":"Vikrant","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2019.106499","article-title":"VOC Emissions\nfrom\nNail Salon Products and Their Effective Removal Using Affordable Adsorbents\nand Synthetic Jets","volume":"168","author":"Lamplugh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12916","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.8b02962","article-title":"Adsorptive Removal\nof Formaldehyde from Air Using Mixed-Metal Oxides","volume":"57","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.01.004","article-title":"New directions:\nPotential climate and productivity\nbenefits from CO2 capture in commercial buildings","volume":"103","author":"Gall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110218","article-title":"Vertical Macro-Channel\nModification of a Flexible Adsorption\nBoard with in-Situ Thermal Regeneration for Indoor Gas Purification\nto Increase Effective Adsorption Capacity","volume":"192","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ.\nRes."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2019.06.017","article-title":"Abatement\nof Gaseous Volatile Organic Compounds: A Material Perspective","volume":"350","author":"Gelles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2019.05.069","article-title":"Abatement\nof Gaseous Volatile Organic Compounds: A Process Perspective","volume":"350","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1002\/app.26368","article-title":"Removal of Formaldehyde\nat Low Concentration Using Various Activated\nCarbon Fibers","volume":"106","author":"Song","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.3390\/catal5031479","article-title":"Removal of Toluene\nover NaX Zeolite Exchanged with Cu2+","volume":"5","author":"Romero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Catalysts"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7660","DOI":"10.1021\/ja401429x","article-title":"Tunable Rare-Earth\nFcu-MOFs: A Platform\nfor Systematic Enhancement of CO2 Adsorption Energetics\nand Uptake","volume":"135","author":"Xue","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(08)60059-5","article-title":"Adsorption of Formaldehyde Vapor by Amine-Functionalized\nMesoporous Silica Materials","volume":"20","author":"Saeung","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2016.02.007","article-title":"Multifunctional\nSolar Wall for Dehumidification, Heating and Removal of Formaldehyde:\nPart 1. System Description, Preparation and Performance of SiO2\/TiO2 Adsorbent","volume":"100","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11306","DOI":"10.1039\/C6DT01696K","article-title":"Diamine-appended\nmetal-organic frameworks: enhanced formaldehyde-vapor adsorption capacity,\nsuperior recyclability and water resistibility","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1021\/ja039737p","article-title":"Formaldehyde Encapsulated\nin Zeolite: A Long-Lived, Highly Activated\nOne-Carbon Electrophile to Carbonyl-Ene Reactions","volume":"126","author":"Okachi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2019.109563","article-title":"Selective Adsorption\nof Formaldehyde and Water Vapors in NaY and NaX Zeolites","volume":"288","author":"Bellat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10190","DOI":"10.1039\/c3dt51067k","article-title":"Microemulsion-assisted\nsynthesis of hierarchical porous Ni\u00ad(OH)2\/SiO2 composites toward efficient removal of formaldehyde in air","volume":"42","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2011.07.002","article-title":"Energy\nEfficient Indoor VOC Air Cleaning with Activated Carbon Fiber (ACF)\nFilters","volume":"47","author":"Sidheswaran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit22","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Novel Air Treatment Technology\nfor Reducing HVAC Energy Use","author":"Fisher","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.09.025","article-title":"Ozone Deposition Velocities, Reaction\nProbabilities and Product Yields for Green Building Materials","volume":"45","author":"Lamble","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2012.06.004","article-title":"Impacts of a Clay Plaster on Indoor Air Quality Assessed\nUsing Chemical and Sensory Measurements","volume":"57","author":"Darling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Build.\nEnviron."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit25","unstructured":"Tobergte, D. R.; Curtis, S.\n          Filter for Selective\nRemoval of a Gaseous Component. U.S. Patent 6,911,189 B1, 2005."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit26","unstructured":"Wu, S.\n          \n          Coating Composition\nfor Aldehyde Abatement. U.S. Patent 20,120,148,858\nA1, 2012."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit27","unstructured":"Green, G. D.; Swedo, R. J.; Tomlinson, I. A.; Whetten, A. R.; Coburn, C. E.; Henning, M. A.; Novy, P. M.\n          Methods for\nReducing Airborne Formaldehyde. U.S. Patent 8,236,263 B2, 2012."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1021\/ie504165d","article-title":"Airborne Aldehyde\nAbatement by Latex Coatings Containing\nAmine-Functionalized Porous Silicas","volume":"54","author":"Nomura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ind. Eng.\nChem. Res."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5569","DOI":"10.1021\/am400810s","article-title":"Amine-Functionalized\nPorous Silicas as Adsorbents for\nAldehyde Abatement","volume":"5","author":"Nomura","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16594","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b02934","article-title":"Amine-Based Latex Coatings for Indoor Air CO2 Control in Commercial Buildings","volume":"11","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/0033-0655(83)85007-9","article-title":"The Critical Pigment\nVolume Concentration in Latex\nCoatings","volume":"11","author":"Bierwagen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Prog. Org. Coating"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1021\/ie50487a028","article-title":"Porosity of Paint Films - Adsorption\nStudies of Unsupported\nLinseed Oil Films","volume":"42","author":"Wolock","year":"1950","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1021\/ie50518a049","article-title":"Porosity of Paint\nFilms. Water Vapor\nAdsorption and Permeability","volume":"45","author":"Eckhaus","year":"1953","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1002\/ejic.200501140","article-title":"High-Zirconium-Content Nano-Sized Bimodal Mesoporous\nSilicas","volume":"2006","author":"Ortiz\nde Za\u0301rate","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1111\/ina.12386","article-title":"Advanced Buffer\nMaterials\nfor Indoor Air CO2 Control in Commercial Buildings","volume":"27","author":"Rajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indoor Air"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18153","DOI":"10.3390\/s150818153","article-title":"Insights on Capacitive\nInterdigitated Electrodes Coated with MOF Thin Films: Humidity and\nVOCs Sensing as a Case Study","volume":"15","author":"Sapsanis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2005.05.014","article-title":"Synthesis of ZrO2-SiO2 Mesocomposite with High ZrO2 Content via a Novel\nSol-Gel Method","volume":"84","author":"Tarafdar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microporous Mesoporous Mater."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125273","article-title":"Analysis of Equilibrium\nand Dynamic Adsorption of Benzene Vapor over Unimodal and Bimodal\nSilica-Based Mixed-Metal Oxides","volume":"396","author":"Adebayo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng.\nJ."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081710284682100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0210416","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210416","article-title":"Efficiency\nand Performance Tests of the Sorptive Building Materials That Reduce\nIndoor Formaldehyde","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1021\/es950391v","article-title":"Enhanced Photocatalytic\nPerformance of Titania-Based Binary Metal Oxides: TiO2\/SiO2 and TiO2\/ZrO2","volume":"30","author":"Fu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081710284682100_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-4214(88)80042-2","article-title":"Gas Separation\nby Adsorption Processes","volume":"2","author":"Kirkby","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gas Sep. Purif."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081710284682100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2008.02.013","article-title":"Performance Test for\nEvaluating the Reduction of VOCs in Rooms and Evaluating the Lifetime\nof Sorptive Building Materials","volume":"44","author":"Seo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Build. Environ."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.1c00912","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/55\/13\/9255\/3700956\/es1c00912.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/55\/13\/9255\/3700956\/es1c00912.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:49:44Z","timestamp":1786978184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article\/55\/13\/9255\/383469\/Passive-Control-of-Indoor-Formaldehyde-by-Mixed"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.1c00912","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]}}}