{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:27:01Z","timestamp":1786724821771,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2029850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2029850"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2220792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2220792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>COVID-19 pandemic-related building restrictions heightened drinking water microbiological safety concerns post-reopening due to the unprecedented nature of commercial building closures. Starting with phased reopening (i.e., June 2020), we sampled drinking water for 6 months from three commercial buildings with reduced water usage and four occupied residential households. Samples were analyzed using flow cytometry and full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing along with comprehensive water chemistry characterization. Prolonged building closures resulted in 10-fold higher microbial cell counts in the commercial buildings [(2.95 \u00b1 3.67) \u00d7 105 cells mL\u20131] than in residential households [(1.11 \u00b1 0.58) \u00d7 104 cells mL\u20131] with majority intact cells. While flushing reduced cell counts and increased disinfection residuals, microbial communities in commercial buildings remained distinct from those in residential households on the basis of flow cytometric fingerprinting [Bray\u2013Curtis dissimilarity (dBC) = 0.33 \u00b1 0.07] and 16S rRNA gene sequencing (dBC = 0.72 \u00b1 0.20). An increase in water demand post-reopening resulted in gradual convergence in microbial communities in water samples collected from commercial buildings and residential households. Overall, we find that the gradual recovery of water demand played a key role in the recovery of building plumbing-associated microbial communities as compared to short-term flushing after extended periods of reduced water demand.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T12:46:12Z","timestamp":1676551572000},"page":"3248-3259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gradual Recovery\nof Building Plumbing-Associated Microbial\nCommunities after Extended Periods of Altered Water Demand during\nthe COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Solize","family":"Vosloo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linxuan","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology , , 311 Ferst Drive , , ,","place":["Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umang","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irmarie","family":"Cotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8824-7144","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Gincley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology , , 311 Ferst Drive , , ,","place":["Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Vilardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiqin","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology , , 311 Ferst Drive , , ,","place":["Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3885-3079","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco","family":"Gabrielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Politecnico di Milano , , ,","place":["Milan, Italy, 20133"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0273-6527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kelsey J.","family":"Pieper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aron","family":"Stubbins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University , , 360 Huntington Avenue , , ,","place":["Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 021115"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1089-5664","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ameet J.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology , , 311 Ferst Drive , , ,","place":["Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30318"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2026081411134051000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0236619","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236619","article-title":"Enacting National Social Distancing\nPolicies Corresponds with Dramatic Reduction in COVID19 Infection\nRates","volume":"15","author":"McGrail","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081411134051000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb6105","article-title":"An Investigation\nof Transmission Control Measures during the First 50 Days of the COVID-19\nEpidemic in China","volume":"368","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026081411134051000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2020.103442","article-title":"The Potential Impact\nof the Covid-19 Pandemic on Occupational\nStatus, Work from Home, and Occupational Mobility","volume":"119","author":"Kramer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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