{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:46:33Z","timestamp":1790297193073,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000008","name":"Health Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4500444002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4500444002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000008","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2016-05615"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2016-05615"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c03725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T11:59:59Z","timestamp":1722599999000},"page":"14348-14360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Capturing Exposure Disparities with Chemical Transport Models: Evaluating the Suitability of Downscaling Using Land Use Regression"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0444-1124","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jad","family":"Zalzal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5729-0606","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura","family":"Minet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Brook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Mihele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, North York, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada"},{"name":"Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada"},{"name":"Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1 V2, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7107-7086","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marianne","family":"Hatzopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","unstructured":"Anenberg, S.; Miller, J.; Henze, D.; Minjares, R. A Global Snapshot of the Air Pollution-Related Health Impacts of Transportation Sector Emissions in 2010 and 2015; International Council on Clean Transportation: Washington, DC, USA, 20191-48."},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2013.08.003"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31819776a1"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/a33137"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10708-009-9269-6"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04320"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.02.033"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","unstructured":"Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2030 Emissions Reductions Plan: Canada\u2019s\nNext Steps for Clean Air and a Strong EconomyGatineau, QC 2022 https:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/site\/eng\/9.909338\/publication.html. (accessed December 28, 2023)."},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac99ef"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4505\/acf60d"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00424"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.8b00279"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c06317"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2014.946164"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es100008x"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.09.042"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(03)00228-6"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.12.007"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b05523"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeaoa.2019.100012"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2109249118"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b03395"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2020.102599"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105022"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.112858"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-021-09351-0"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.05.057"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06001"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.05.007"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.11.006"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-13-6303-2020"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286406"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111010"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","unstructured":"Government of Canada.  Pan\nAm. 2016 Study, https:\/\/open.canada.ca\/data\/en\/dataset\/1260ee96-7acf-489e-826b-de96f0c19fcb."},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-14-7173-2014"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c05806"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107575"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T.; Guestrin, C. In  Xgboost: A Scalable Tree Boosting System, Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining; ACM, 2016; pp 785\u2013794.","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116846"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105827"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.128411"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos10070373"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.04.011"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2015.12.016"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.01.123"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es505791g"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108106"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c07639"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109193"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","unstructured":"U.S. EPA. MOVES2014a:\nLatest Version of MOtor\nVehicleEmission Simulator (MOVES). 2019."},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","unstructured":"Lundberg, S. M.; Lee, S.I. In  A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30; NIPS, 2017."},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","unstructured":"Environment\nand Climate Change Canada.  National\nAir Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) Program, 2023 https:\/\/open.canada.ca\/data\/en\/dataset\/1b36a356-defd-4813-acea-47bc3abd859b."},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. Dissemination Area Boundary Files 2023 https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/en\/catalogue\/92-169-X. (accessed\nDecember 10, 2023)."},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","unstructured":"CHASS. Canadian Census\nAnalyser 2023 http:\/\/dc1.chass.utoronto.ca\/census\/index.html. (accessed July 17, 2023)."},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","unstructured":"Matheson, F.; van Ingen, T.; Johnson, S. Ontario Marginalization Index: Updates and Uses 2023 https:\/\/www.publichealthontario.ca\/-\/media\/Event-Presentations\/2023\/09\/ontario-marginalization-index-updates-products.pdf?rev=07baae2569164c17abaa18464075aa20&sc_lang=en. (accessed March 27, 2024)."},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","unstructured":"Statistics\nCanada. Low-income Measure,\nafter Tax (LIM-AT), 2023 https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2021\/ref\/dict\/az\/Definition-eng.cfm?ID=fam021. (accessed December 7, 2023)."},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.03.324"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b03358"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138102"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es405390e"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.07.005"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.3c00500"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2021GL094333"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2205548119"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2022409118"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04190-y"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf4491"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP8584"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-7-1979-2014"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.04.003"},{"key":"ref71\/cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/egusphere-2023-2038"},{"key":"ref72\/cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2010.03.035"},{"key":"ref73\/cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5094\/APR.2015.036"},{"key":"ref74\/cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c03999"},{"key":"ref75\/cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-023-00624-z"},{"key":"ref76\/cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.09.027"},{"key":"ref77\/cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2016.05.008"},{"key":"ref78\/cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01864"},{"key":"ref79\/cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c02828"},{"key":"ref80\/cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2020EF001665"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c03725","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c03725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T08:19:03Z","timestamp":1723537143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c03725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"32","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.4c03725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c03725","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]}}}