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Here, we used hydrogen cyanide (HCN), which reacts with carbonyls to form photochemically inert cyanohydrins, as a probe to re-examine the role of carbonyls in CO photoproduction. Adding HCN to low-absorbance euphotic zone seawater decreased CO photoproduction. Modeling [HCN] (\u223c5 to 364 \u03bcM) vs the percent decrease in CO photoproduction (%CO\u2193) yielded carbonyl-cyanohydrin dissociation equilibrium constants, KD, and maximum %CO\u2193, %CO\u2193max values. Four Atlantic and Pacific seawater KDs (66.7 \u00b1 19.6 \u03bcM) overlap aqueous aliphatic but not aromatic aldehyde KDs. Phenylacetaldehyde (PA) and other \u03b2,\u03b3-unsaturated aldehydes are proposed as prototypical CO precursors. Direct photolysis of \u223c10 nM PA can supply the measured daily production of HCN-sensitive CO at an open-ocean site near Bermuda. HCN\u2019s %CO\u2193max was 31 \u00b1 2.5% in North Atlantic seawater vs the 13 \u00b1 2.5% inhibition of CO photoproduction by borohydride, a dilemma since only borohydride affects most ketones. Borohydride also decreased CDOM absorption much more than did HCN. This puzzle probably reflects differing steric and solvation requirements in HCN- and borohydride-CDOM reactions. This study demonstrates cyanophilic aldehydes to be a significant source of open-ocean CO and reveals new clues regarding CDOM photochemistry mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c04637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T11:33:39Z","timestamp":1724412819000},"page":"16066-16075","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cyanohydrin Equilibria\nImplicate Non-Aromatic Aldehydes\nin Photochemical Production of Oceanic Carbon Monoxide"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Oliver C.","family":"Zafiriou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution , , , ,","place":["Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States, 02543"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8774-1108","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huixiang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 du Que\u0301bec a\u0300 Rimouski , , , ,","place":["Rimouski, Que\u0301bec, Canada, G5L 3A1"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6532-950X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David J.","family":"Kieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry , , , ,","place":["Syracuse, New York, United States, 13210"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder , , , ,","place":["Boulder, Colorado, United States, 80309"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guisheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 du Que\u0301bec a\u0300 Rimouski , , , ,","place":["Rimouski, Que\u0301bec, Canada, G5L 3A1"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution , , , ,","place":["Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States, 02543"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081707125835700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-405940-5.00008-X","article-title":"Marine photochemistry\nof organic matter: Processes and impacts","volume-title":"Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter","author":"Mopper","year":"2015","edition":"2"},{"key":"2026081707125835700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/353060a0","article-title":"Photochemical degradation\nof dissolved organic carbon\nand its impact on the oceanic carbon cycle","volume":"353","author":"Mopper","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081707125835700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358A","DOI":"10.1021\/es00130a711","article-title":"Photochemistry of\nnatural waters","volume":"18","author":"Zafiriou","year":"1984","journal-title":"Environ. 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