{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:46:15Z","timestamp":1790091975901,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":367,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008961","name":"College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008961","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007165","name":"University of Missouri","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012149","name":"Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013316","name":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ER22-4015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ER22-4015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2406696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2406696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2406697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2406697"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c05059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T16:19:17Z","timestamp":1736525957000},"page":"1756-1768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Investigation of Transformation Pathways of Polyfluoroalkyl Substances during Chlorine Disinfection"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Runze","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","place":["Columbia, United States"]},{"name":"University of Missouri","place":["Columbia, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3313-8300","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Akash P.","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering","place":["Minneapolis, United States"]},{"name":"University of Minnesota","place":["Minneapolis, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0814-5469","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"William A.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering","place":["Minneapolis, United States"]},{"name":"University of Minnesota","place":["Minneapolis, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5686-6055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Feng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering","place":["Columbia, United States"]},{"name":"University of Missouri","place":["Columbia, United States"]},{"name":"Missouri Water Center","place":["Columbia, United States"]},{"name":"University of Missouri","place":["Columbia, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg9065"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0512475"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04806"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05843"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","unstructured":"NHANES\n                      Fourth national report\non human exposure to environmental chemicals (updated tables)\n                      . Dept. of Health and Human Services Centers for\nDisease Control and Prevention: Atlanta,\nGA., 2014."},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","unstructured":"USEPA\n                      Final PFAS National\nPrimary Drinking Water Regulation\n                      (https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sdwa\/and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas) (accessed April 2024). 2024."},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","unstructured":"USEPA,\n                      Designation of PFOA\nand PFOS as hazardous substances under CERCLA Release Reporting Requirements\nFactsheet\n                      (https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/epcra\/designation-pfoa-and-pfos-hazardous-substances-under-cercla-release-reporting-requirements; (accessed April 2024). 2024."},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","unstructured":"EU,\n                      Directive (EU) 2020\/2184\nof the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020\non the quality of water intended for human consumption\n                      (https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2020\/2184\/oj; (accessed July 2022). 2020."},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","unstructured":"HealthCanada,\n                      Guidelines\nfor Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document\n\u2013 Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)\n                      (https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/publications\/healthy-living\/guidelines-canadian-drinking-water-quality-technical-document-perfluorooctanoic-acid\/document.html#s12; (accessed June 2019). 2018."},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","unstructured":"HealthCanada,\n                      Guidelines\nfor Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document\n\u2013 Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS)\n                      (https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/publications\/healthy-living\/guidelines-canadian-drinking-water-quality-guideline-technical-document-perfluorooctane-sulfonate\/document.html; (accessed June 2019). 2018."},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","unstructured":"MOH, Ministry of Health of the PR China.\n                      Standard for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749\u20132022)\n                      . https:\/\/openstd.samr.gov.cn\/bzgk\/gb\/newGbInfo?hcno=99E9C17E3547A3C0CE2FD1FFD9F2F7BE (in Chinese, accessed August, 2022). 2022."},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44221-023-00164-8"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.8b00266"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2012.03.027"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.02.055"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.06.096"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es4018877"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.06.026"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es200432n"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05432"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es800631n"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.11.049"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000232486.07658.74"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002503"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.09.052"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.079"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b06237"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-012-1115-7"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2019.02.010"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.09.005"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.3c01124"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es403729e"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es301465n"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b01895"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.07.024"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es3034999"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EW00936A"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.6b00260"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c00522"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b00140"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01644"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07178"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c00261"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07395"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c07608"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c08689"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b07031"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c02125"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-012-0705-9"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2013.10.067"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001986"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.157577"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07881"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c00675"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.06.020"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.129300"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2017.08.016"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.07.025"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","unstructured":"Frisch, M. J.; T, G. W.; Schlegel, H. B.; Scuseria, G. E.; Robb, M. A.; Cheeseman, J. R.; Scalmani, G.; Barone, V.; Petersson, G. A.; Nakatsuji, H.; Li, X.; Caricato, M.; Marenich, A. V.; Bloino, J.; Janesko, B. G.; Gomperts, R.; Mennucci, B.; Hratchian, H. P.; Ortiz, J. V.; Izmaylov, A. F.; Sonnenberg, J. L.; Williams-Young, D.; Ding, F.; Lipparini, F.; Egidi, F.; Goings, J.; Peng, B.; Petrone, A.; Henderson, T.; Ranasinghe, D.; Zakrzewski, V. G.; Gao, J.; Rega, N.; Zheng, G.; Liang, W.; Hada, M.; Ehara, M.; Toyota, K.; Fukuda, R.; Hasegawa, J.; Ishida, M.; Nakajima, T.; Honda, Y.; Kitao, O.; Nakai, H.; Vreven, T.; Throssell, K.; Montgomery, J. A., Jr.; Peralta, J. E.; Ogliaro, F.; Bearpark, M. J.; Heyd, J. J.; Brothers, E. N.; Kudin, K. N.; Staroverov, V. N.; Keith, T. A.; Kobayashi, R.; Normand, J.; Raghavachari, K.; Rendell, A. P.; Burant, J. C.; Iyengar, S. S.; Tomasi, J.; Cossi, M.; Millam, J. M.; Klene, M.; Adamo, C.; Cammi, R.; Ochterski, J. W.; Martin, R. L.; Morokuma, K.; Farkas, O.; Foresman, J. B.; Fox, D. J.\n                      Gaussian 16, Revision C.01.\n                      ; Gaussian, Inc. 2016, Wallingford CT."},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.464913"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.37.785"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/p80-159"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j100096a001"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ct900312z"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es3010656"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es800855b"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es070126x"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.129568"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.3c00061"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c00294"},{"key":"ref71\/cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.138060"},{"key":"ref72\/cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131081"},{"key":"ref73\/cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.157725"},{"key":"ref74\/cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2012.09.047"},{"key":"ref75\/cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.129254"},{"key":"ref76\/cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c05549"},{"key":"ref77\/cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c08381"},{"key":"ref78\/cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es051369x"},{"key":"ref79\/cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es010076a"},{"key":"ref80\/cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.04.055"},{"key":"ref81\/cit81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brezonik, P. L.; Arnold, W. A.\n                      Water Chemistry: The Chemical Processes and Composition of Natural and Engineered Aquatic Systems\n                      , 2nd Ed. Oxford University Press: New York, 2022; p 976.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780197604700.001.0001"},{"key":"ref82\/cit82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qua.1703"},{"key":"ref83\/cit83","unstructured":"Xiao, F.\n                      Proposal. Fundamentals of Adsorption, Desorption, and Biodegradation of PFAS and Precursor Compounds in the Soil and Landfill Leachate System and An Innovative Treatment Strategy for Their Removal in Landfill Leachate and Groundwater\n                      . In USEPA: University of North Dakota, 2019; 498907."},{"key":"ref84\/cit84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c08224"},{"key":"ref85\/cit85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.117626"},{"key":"ref86\/cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b04544"},{"key":"ref87\/cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.07.122"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science & Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c05059","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c05059","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:16:54Z","timestamp":1768565814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c05059"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.4c05059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c05059","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]}}}