{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:25:52Z","timestamp":1792430752655,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2039498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2039498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000146","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2214580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2214580"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006377","name":"Purdue University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Warm Springs Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cured-in-place-pipe (CIPP) technology has begun to be adopted for drinking water pipe repairs, and limited information exists about its drinking water quality impacts. CIPP involves the manufacture of a new plastic pipe inside a buried damaged pipe. In this study, the chemical composition of the raw materials and CIPP water quality impacts were examined. Numerous (47) VOCs and SVOCs were found in the resin and two hardeners were studied. TGA results indicated that new CIPPs contained about 3.2\u20134.8 wt% VOC. A controlled static headspace analysis using PTR-TOF-MS detected eight protonated ions (m\/z &amp;lt; 114) with mixing ratios above 1 ppb and phenol was identified as the most abundant VOC released into air. The analytical methods were unable to identify 99.9% of the extractable VOC mass. A 5% shorter curing duration had no impact on the chemical residual left in the CIPPs, but a 5% hardener reduction prompted an increase in the amount of monomer remaining. Both normal drying and quick drying formulations released similar amounts of 2-EHGE and BPA into drinking water. Laboratory results scaled to 4\u201336 in. diameter pipes indicated only 4 in. diameter CIPPs would cause BPA levels to exceed a U.S. state drinking water standard, EU, and WHO drinking water limits. Flushing and drinking water VOC and SVOC testing should be conducted before use. Additional studies of resins, manufacturing conditions, and wastes generated, are recommended. At present, the limited information available about these materials has shifted the burden of potential health and financial costs to the users.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c08663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T14:34:15Z","timestamp":1735828455000},"page":"767-778","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Release\nof Bisphenol\nA and Other Volatile Chemicals\nfrom New Epoxy Drinking Water Pipe Liners: The Role of Manufacturing\nConditions"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Pritee","family":"Pahari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 550 Stadium Mall Drive , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Spears","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 610 Purdue Mall , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianghui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 550 Stadium Mall Drive , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard University , , 2300 Sixth Street NW , , ,","place":["Washington, D.C., United States, 20059"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shantanu","family":"Sonowane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 610 Purdue Mall , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 610 Purdue Mall , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 610 Purdue Mall , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7868-4057","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Caitlin R.","family":"Proctor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 610 Purdue Mall , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1129-7172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John A.","family":"Howarter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 610 Purdue Mall , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8720-8642","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeffery Paul","family":"Youngblood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 701 West Stadium Avenue , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8874-8923","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nusrat","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 550 Stadium Mall Drive , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5934-3081","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Whelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University , , 550 Stadium Mall Drive , , ,","place":["West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47907"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2026081211063912500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wpt.2012.028","article-title":"Demonstration and evaluation of an\ninnovative water main rehabilitation technology: Cured-in-Place Pipe\n(CIPP) lining","volume":"7","author":"Matthews","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Pract. Technol."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit2","unstructured":"CDM\nSmith, Inc\n          . Evaluation of Cured-in-Place\nand Other Plastic Pipe Suitability\nfor Potable Water Applications; Cambridge\nWater Department: Cambridge, Massachusetts\nUSA, 2018. https:\/\/www.cambridgema.gov\/~\/media\/Files\/waterdepartment\/waterboardminutes\/draftevaluationofcuredinplaceandotherplasticpipesuitability.pdf?la=enhttps:\/\/www.cambridgema.gov\/~\/media\/Files\/waterdepartment\/waterboardminutes\/draftevaluationofcuredinplaceandotherplasticpipesuitability.pdf?la=en"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081211063912500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2166\/wpt.2021.026","article-title":"Current Water\nMain Rehabilitation Practice Using Trenchless Technology","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Pract. Technol."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit4","unstructured":"Stratview\nResearch\n          \n          Cured-in-Place Pipe Market:\nStrategic Assessment\nand Competitive Analysis; Detroit, Michigan\nUSA, 2023. https:\/\/www.stratviewresearch.com\/287\/Cured-in-Place-Pipe-CIPP-Market.html (accessed 2023\u201312\u201305)."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit5","unstructured":"American Water Works Association\n          \n          AWWA C623\u201322 Cured-In-Place Pipe (CIPP)\nRehabilitation of Pressurized Potable Water Pipelines, 4 In. and Larger; The Water Research Foundation: Denver, CO. 10.12999\/AWWA.C623.22."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit6","unstructured":"The\nBiden Administration\u2019s\nMandate on Lead Pipes; American Enterprise\nInstitute - AEI"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit7","unstructured":"CHE Manager\n          \n          Sweden Bans BPA From Drinking Water Pipes; 2016. https:\/\/www.chemanager-online.com\/en\/news-opinions\/headlines\/sweden-bans-bpa-drinking-water-pipes"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit8","unstructured":"European\nUnion\n          . Official Journal of the European Union:\nI (Legislative acts), Directive (EU) 2020\/2184 of the European\nParliament and of the Council\nof 16 December 2020 on the quality of water intended for human consumption. pgs L 435\/1\u2013435\/62. December 23, 2020. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32020L2184&from=EN (accessed 2023\u201312\u201305)."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit9","unstructured":"Minnesota Department of Health\n          \n          BPA\nin Drinking Water; Saint Paul Minnesota USA, 2014. https:\/\/www.health.state.mn.us\/communities\/environment\/risk\/docs\/guidance\/gw\/bpainfosheet.pdf"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit10","volume-title":"NSF\/ANSI\/CAN 61\u20132023:\nDrinking Water System Components\n\u2013 Health Effects","author":"NSF\nInternational","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit11","unstructured":"Water Main CIPP\nLiner | NSF 61 Water Main Rehab | Trenchless Cured\nin Place Water Main Rehab. https:\/\/www.lanzo.net\/trenchless-nsf61-water-rehab.html."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit12","unstructured":"Water Pipeline Rehabilitation Project - Commercial\nAvenue; Water Utility: City of Madison, WI. https:\/\/www.cityofmadison.com\/water\/projects\/water-pipeline-rehabilitation-project-commercial-avenue."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit13","unstructured":"Wiley, D.\n          \n          Stop Chemical Leaching\nfrom Plastic Pipes with Epoxy Liners and Coatings; NuFlow Midwest.https:\/\/www.nuflowmidwest.com\/stop-chemical-leaching-from-plastic-pipes-with-epoxy-liners-and-coatings\/."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit14","volume-title":"Memorandum from Water Quality\nCommittee to Pipe Committee. Cured in Place Pipe Pilot Evaluation\nand Recommendation \u2013 Water Quality Issues During 2016\u20132017\nPilot","author":"East\nBay Municipal Utility\nDistrict","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit15","volume-title":"Memorandum from Pipeline\nRebuild to Pipe Committee Members. Cured in Place Pipe Pilot Evaluation\nand Recommendation","author":"East Bay Municipal Utility\nDistrict"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit16","article-title":"Highlighting Innovation\nAnd Sustainability By Renewing AC Pipelines With Cured-In-Place Pipe","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Northern California Pipe User\u2019s\nGroup 26th Annual Sharing Technologies Seminar","author":"Sweet","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit17","volume-title":"Performance Evaluation of Innovative\nWater Main Rehabilitation Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining Product in Cleveland,\nOhio","author":"Matthews","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit18","volume-title":"Wisconsin Drinking\nWater VOC and Phenol Sample\nResults for CIPP","author":"Madison\nWater Utilities","year":"2017"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit19","volume-title":"Division of Water Management\nCIPP Pilot Project Report","author":"City\nof Chiecago","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146908","article-title":"Bisphenol\nA Leaching from Epoxy Resins in the Drinking Water Distribution Networks\nas Human Health Risk Determinant","volume":"783","author":"Cantoni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total\nEnviron."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/30.1.11","article-title":"RP-HPLC-TSP-MS of Epoxy Resins Bisphenol\nA Diglycidyl Ether Type","volume":"30","author":"Simal\nGandara","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit22","volume-title":"The Impact of Pipe Coatings\non Drinking Water Quality","author":"Satchwill","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081211063912500_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/09593338309384173","article-title":"Application of Gas\nChromatography-mass Spectrometry (GCMS) and Field Desorption Mass\nSpectometry (FDMS) to the Identification of Organic Compounds Leached\nfrom Epoxy Resin Lined Water Mains","volume":"4","author":"Watts","year":"1983","journal-title":"Environ.\nTechnol. Lett."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit24","unstructured":"lben, K.; Bruchet, A.; Shpirt, E.\n          Leachate\nfrom Organic\nCoating Materials Used in Potable Water Distribution Systems; The Water Research Foundation: Denver, Colorado USA, 1989. https:\/\/www.waterrf.org\/research\/projects\/leachate-organic-coating-materials-used-potable-water-distribution-systems (accessed 2024\u201307\u201329)."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081211063912500_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1999.0299","article-title":"Tastes and Odors in Drinking Water Distribution Systems\nRelated to the Use of Synthetic Materials","volume":"40","author":"Rigal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"2026081211063912500_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2002.0766","article-title":"The Quantification and Characterization\nof Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol-A Leaching from Epoxy Resin","volume":"46","author":"Bae","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081211063912500_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/40.4.191","article-title":"Characterization\nof Paint Samples\nUsed in Drinking Water Reservoirs: Identification of Endocrine Disruptor\nCompounds","volume":"40","author":"Romero","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit28","volume-title":"The Long Term Migration\nof Substances from In-Situ Applied Epoxy Resin Coatings: Final Report\nto the Drinking Water Inspectorate, DWI 7369\/1","author":"Jackson","year":"2007"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit29","unstructured":"Deb, A.; McCammon, S. B.; Snyder, J.; Dietrich, A.\n          Impact of lining materials\non water quality; Water Research Foundation: Denver, Colorado USA, 2010. https:\/\/www.waterrf.org\/research\/projects\/impacts-lining-materials-water-quality-0 (accessed 2024\u201307\u201329)."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081211063912500_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.2166\/ws.2012.055","article-title":"Elution of Bisphenol A and Its Chlorination\nBy-Products from Lined Pipes in Water Supply Process","volume":"12","author":"Kosaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Supply"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081211063912500_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2166\/ws.2013.209","article-title":"Leaching of Bisphenol\nA and F from New and Old Epoxy Coatings: Laboratory and Field Studies","volume":"14","author":"Bruchet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Supply"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.09.043","article-title":"Bisphenol Diglycidyl\nEthers and Bisphenol A and Their Hydrolysis in Drinking Water","volume":"72","author":"Lane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit33","volume-title":"Evaluation of Lead Service\nLine Lining and Coating Technologies","author":"Randtke","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.07.027","article-title":"Drinking Water Contaminants from\nEpoxy Resin-Coated Pipes: A Field Study","volume":"103","author":"Rajasa\u0308rkka\u0308","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water\nRes."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081211063912500_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00413-X","article-title":"Gas Chromatographic\u2013Mass Spectrometric\nMethod for the Determination of Bisphenol A and Its Chlorinated Derivatives\nin Urban Wastewater","volume":"37","author":"Zafra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081211063912500_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2007.175","article-title":"Sensory Aspects\nof Drinking Water in Contact with Epoxy\nLined Copper Pipe. Water Sci. Technol. J. Int. Assoc. Water","volume":"55","author":"Heim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pollut. Res."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.04.014","article-title":"Chlorination and\nChloramination of Bisphenol A, Bisphenol F, and Bisphenol A Diglycidyl\nEther in Drinking Water","volume":"79","author":"Lane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081211063912500_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1999.0299","article-title":"Tastes and Odors in\nDrinking Water Distribution Systems\nRelated to the Use of Synthetic Materials","volume":"40","author":"Rigal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081211063912500_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijms.2009.07.005","article-title":"A High Resolution and High Sensitivity\nProton-Transfer-Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS)","volume":"286","author":"Jordan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081211063912500_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6331","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-6331-2021","article-title":"Contributions to OH\nReactivity from Unexplored Volatile Organic Compounds\nMeasured by PTR-ToF-MS \u2013 a Case Study in a Suburban Forest\nof the Seoul Metropolitan Area during the Korea\u2013United States\nAir Quality Study (KORUS-AQ) 2016","volume":"21","author":"Sanchez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmospheric\nChem. Phys."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijms.2018.05.003","article-title":"PTR-ToF-MS\nproduct ion distributions and humidity-dependence of biogenic volatile\norganic compounds","volume":"430","author":"Kari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"35","key":"2026081211063912500_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2006.06.005","article-title":"Indoor\nSecondary Pollutants from\nCleaning Product and Air Freshener Use in the Presence of Ozone","volume":"40","author":"Singer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081211063912500_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.1c00390","article-title":"Real-Time\nMeasurements of Botanical\nDisinfectant Emissions, Transformations, and Multiphase Inhalation\nExposures in Buildings","volume":"8","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environmental Science\n& Technology Letters"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hazl.2021.100042","article-title":"Ethanol-based disinfectant\nsprays drive rapid changes in the chemical composition of indoor air\nin residential buildings","volume":"2","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater Lett"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2023.110953","article-title":"Real-Time\nIndoor Sensing of Volatile Organic Compounds during Building Disinfection\nEvents via Photoionization Detection and Proton Transfer Reaction\nMass Spectrometry","volume":"246","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081211063912500_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abj9156","article-title":"Chemistry and Human\nExposure Implications of Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from\nIndoor Terpene Ozonolysis","volume":"8","author":"Rosales","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081211063912500_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8097","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c07413","article-title":"Real-Time\nMeasurements of Gas-Phase Trichloramine (NCl3) in an Indoor Aquatic\nCenter","volume":"55","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit48","unstructured":"CIPP\n          \n          Resin Solutions from ELANTAS. 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Prod."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081211063912500_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.7b00237","article-title":"Worksite\nChemical Air Emissions and Worker Exposure during Sanitary Sewer and\nStormwater Pipe Rehabilitation Using Cured-in-Place-Pipe (CIPP)","volume":"4","author":"Teimouri\nSendesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5703\/1288284317089","author":"Whelton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contaminant Release from Storm Water\nCulvert Rehabilitation Technologies: Understanding Implications to\nthe Environment and Long-Term Material Integrity"},{"key":"2026081211063912500_cit53","unstructured":"U.S.\nEPA\n          \n          Method 3511 (SW-846): Organic\nCompounds in Water by Microextraction. Revision 1. Washington, D.C. 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