{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T21:43:37Z","timestamp":1788558217175,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000203","name":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Advisory Council, New Hampshire Department of Transportation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,28]],"date-time":"2015-12-28T17:33:19Z","timestamp":1451323999000},"page":"593-603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Identification of Groundwater Nitrate Contamination from Explosives Used in Road Construction: Isotopic, Chemical, and Hydrologic Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"James R.","family":"Degnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, New England Water Science Center, 331 Commerce Way, Suite 2, Pembroke, New Hampshire 03275, United States,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. K.","family":"B\u00f6hlke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, 12201\rSunrise Valley Drive, 431 National Center, Reston, Virginia 20192 United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krystle","family":"Pelham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Hampshire Dept. of Transportation, Bureau of Materials and Research, 5 Hazen Drive, Concord, New Hampshire 03301, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Langlais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hoyle, Tanner & Associates, Inc., I-93 Exit 3 Project Field Office, 77 Indian Rock Road, Windham, New Hampshire 03087, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, Box 628, Montpelier, Vermont 05602, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2012.04.008"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/96JB02857"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","unstructured":"Ihlenfeld, C.; Oates, C. J.; Bullock, S.; Van, Z.,Isotopic fingerprinting of groundwater nitrate sources around Anglo Platinum\u2019s rpm Mogalakwena operation (Limpopo Province, South Africa). InInternational Mine Water Conference, Pretoria, South Africa, 2009; p10."},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es970496t"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","volume-title":"News","author":"Institute of Makers of Explosives","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","unstructured":"Pommen, L. W.The Effect on Water Quality of Explosives Use in Surface Mining;British Columbia Ministry of Environment, 1983; p164."},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2009.10.010"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2008.03.004"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es4004526"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","volume-title":"Northeastern Section, Geological Society of America","author":"Crocetti C. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","unstructured":"Continental Placer Inc. Groundwater Monitoring Report, April 20th \u2013 21, 2010 Baseline Sampling Event I-93 Exit 3 Re-Construction \u2013 Contract K NHDOT Project 13993K Salem to Manchester Town of Windham;Continental Placer Inc.:NH, 2010; p82."},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","unstructured":"Kenter, A. W.Limited Site Investigation Concord-Merrimack County SPCA 254 Clinton Street Concord New Hampshire, NHDES one stop, June 26, 2014; p152."},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","unstructured":"Kernen, B.Rock blasting and water quality measures that can be taken to protect water quality and mitigate impacts, Program, D. D. W. S. P., Ed. 2010; p8."},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","unstructured":"Sanborn Head & Associates, Inc. Groundwater Assessment Report for the Home Depot Site in Merrimack, New Hampshire; NHDES one stop, April 25, 2000; p50."},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","unstructured":"Sanborn Head & Associates, Inc. March 2012 Sampling Summary Report Merrimack Premium Outlets, Merrimack, New Hampshire; NHDES one stop, April 2012; p235."},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","unstructured":"Flanagan, S. M.; Ayotte, J. D.; Robinson, G. R.Quality of Water from Crystalline Rock Aquifers in New England, New Jersey, and New York, 1995\u20132007; US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011\u20135220, 2012; p104."},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robinson, K. W.; Flanagan, S. M.; Ayotte, J. D.; Campo, K. W.; Chalmers, A.; Coles, J. F.; Cuffney, T. F.Water Quality in the New England Coastal Basins, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island 1999\u20132001, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1226, 2004; p38.","DOI":"10.3133\/cir1226"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-001-0183-3"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","unstructured":"McQuillan, D.,Ground-water quality impacts from on-site septic systems. InNational Onsite Wastewater Recycling Association, 13th Annual Conference, Albuquerque, NM, 2004; p13."},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10256010701550732"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2006.09.013"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2010.11.017"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9622(86)90059-X"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"vii","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-81546-0.50005-7","volume-title":"Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology","author":"Kendall C.","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","unstructured":"B\u00f6hlke, J. K.,Sources, transport, and reaction of nitrate. InResidence times and nitrate transport in ground water discharging to streams in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed;Lindsey, B. D.; Phillips, S. W.; Donnelly, C. A.; Speiran, G. K.; Plummer, L. N.; Bohlke, J.K.; Focazio, M. J.; Burton, W. C.; Busenberg, E., Eds.; U.S. Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003\u20134035: 2003; pp25\u201337."},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2007WR006252"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/enfo.2002.0086"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es052229q"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.12.048"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","unstructured":"Pelham, K.; Lane, D.; Smerenkanicz, J. R.; Miller, W.,A proactive approach to limit potential impacts from blasting to drinking water supply wells, Windham, New Hampshire. In60th Highway Geology Symposium, Buffalo, New York, 2009; p16."},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","unstructured":"New Hampshire Department of Transportation. Exit 3 \u223c southbound off-ramp & northbound bridges Windham;New Hampshire Department of Transportation, 2010; p2."},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","unstructured":"New Hampshire Department of Transportation. Contract 13933I\u2014Exit 3 sb mainline, sb on-ramp and NH route 111: Corridor News, summer 2015;New Hampshire Department of Transportation, 2014, no. 16, p2."},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","volume-title":"Surficial geologic map of the Windham quadrangle, Rockingham County, New Hampshire","author":"Larson G. J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr998","volume-title":"Bedrock geologic map of the Windham Quadrangle, Rockingham and Hillsborough counties, New Hampshire","author":"Walsh G. J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","volume-title":"Applied Geology and Geophysics Used in the Widening of New Hampshire\u2019s Interstate 93","author":"O\u2019Brien M.","year":"2004"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref36\/cit36","first-page":"109","volume":"22","author":"Walsh G. J.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","unstructured":"Chormann, F. H. J.New Hampshire water well inventory. InNational Ground Water Association AGWSE Meeting and Conference, Nashville, TN., December 7\u20139, 2001, 2001; Nashville, TN, 2001; pp19\u201320."},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayotte, J. D.; Kernen, B. M.; Wunsch, D. R.; Argue, D. M.; Bennett, D. S.; Mack, T. J.Preliminary Assessment of Water Levels in Bedrock Wells in New Hampshire, 1984 to 2007, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010\u20131189; 2010; p30.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20101189"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System Web Site.http:\/\/waterdata.usgs.gov\/nwis\/qwdata."},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey The National Map Viewer and Download Platform.http:\/\/nationalmap.gov\/viewer.html."},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","unstructured":"HTE Northeast, Inc. I-93 Exit 3 Construction \u2013 Contract I bedrock drinking water well monthly sampling August 2013 analysis round NHDOT project 13933-I Salem to Manchester towns of Windham & Salem, New Hampshire, 2013; p104."},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","unstructured":"HTE Northeast, Inc. I-93 exit 3 construction \u2013 contract I bedrock drinking water well monthly sampling March 2014 analysis round NHDOT Project 13933-I Salem to Manchester Towns of Windham & Salem, New Hampshire, 2014; p62."},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","unstructured":"Golder Associates, Inc., 2012 annual summary report interstate 93, exit 3 \u2013 contract K site area Windham, New Hampshire NHDES site no.: 200906017 groundwater management permit no.: GWP-200906017-W-001 PROJECT RSN NO.: 21785;Golder Associates Inc: 2013; p143."},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey. National field manual for the collection of water-quality data; U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, chaps. A1-A9."},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","unstructured":"Primary accreditation parameter list, analyte list number: 100412-B.http:\/\/www4.egov.nh.gov\/DES\/nhelap\/accredited\/100404-a.pdf."},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory. http:\/\/isotopes.usgs.gov\/."},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory. http:\/\/nwql.usgs.gov\/."},{"key":"ref75\/cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.2008.46.issue-2"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(81)90069-X"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","unstructured":"U.S. Geological Survey Reston Chlorofluorocarbon Laboratory. http:\/\/water.usgs.gov\/lab\/."},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/95WR01584"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2001WR000663"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9006433"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2006.0419"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mack, T. J.Assessment of Ground-Water Resources in the Seacoast Region of New Hampshire. InU. S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008\u20135222, 2009; p188.","DOI":"10.3133\/sir20085222"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","unstructured":"Canter, L. W.; Knox, R. C.Septic Tank System Effects on Ground Water Quality;Lewis Publications, Inc.:Chelsea, MI, 1985; p336."},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/27410"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(00)00393-8"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470691854.ch12","volume-title":"Stable Isotopes in Ecology and Environmental Science","author":"Kendall C.","year":"2007","edition":"2"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10256016.2015.1054821"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2008.53.6.2533"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(90)90068-9"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mack, T. J.; Belaval, M.; Degnan, J. R.; Roy, S. J.; Ayotte, J. D.Geophysical and Flow-Weighted Natural-Contaminant Characterization of Three Water-Supply Wells in New Hampshire, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011\u20131019; 2011; p20.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20111019"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.11.024"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq1974.00472425000300040023x"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","first-page":"361","volume-title":"Handbook of Environmental Geochemistry","volume":"2","author":"H\u00fcbner H.","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-197411000-00005"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2015.05.016"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2009.04.005"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2008WR006983"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(98)00085-7"},{"key":"ref71\/cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es103103p"},{"key":"ref72\/cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es7021957"},{"key":"ref73\/cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.12031"},{"key":"ref74\/cit74","unstructured":"Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection. The occurrence and sources of perchlorate in Massachusetts;Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection:Boston, 2005, p48."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b03671","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T21:21:20Z","timestamp":1681680080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b03671"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,28]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.5b03671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5b03671","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,28]]}}}