{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T16:47:12Z","timestamp":1788799632564,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"47","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72174097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72174097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c12739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T08:59:25Z","timestamp":1763542765000},"page":"25225-25236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mitigation Drivers of China\u2019s Electricity Grid Revealed by Monthly Variability of Carbon Emission Factors"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1965-6520","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yahui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Resource, Energy and Environmental Policy","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Resource, Energy and Environmental Policy","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Resource, Energy and Environmental Policy","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Resource, Energy and Environmental Policy","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1142-0276","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Resource, Energy and Environmental Policy","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Nankai University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Tsinghua University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6160-9376","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jing","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management","place":["Harbin, China"]},{"name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management","place":["Harbin, China"]},{"name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-024-00532-2"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","unstructured":"CO\n                        2\n                        Emissions in 2023\n                      \n                      ; IEA, 2024."},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-023-01006-x"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43723-z"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26356-y"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01861"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122681"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c07500"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05216"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b05191"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abh1484"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c02344"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c00176"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9017909"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","unstructured":"Electricity\n2024\n                      ; IEA, 2024. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Accessed October 28, 2025."},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","unstructured":"Electricity\nGrids and Secure Energy Transitions\n                      ; IEA, 2023."},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","unstructured":"State Council of\nthe People\u2019s Republic of China\n                      China\u2019s\nEnergy Transition\n                      , 2024; Accessed October 28,\n2025."},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","unstructured":"State Council of the People\u2019s Republic\nof China, Interim Regulations on the Administration\nof Carbon Emissions Trading\n(Decree No. 775). Order of the State Council No. 775, 2024; https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/content\/202402\/content_6930137.htm, Promulgated January 25, 2024; effective May 1, 2024."},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-024-01850-5"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.124330"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-023-01692-7"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c06490"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01814"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116422"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eneco.2022.106245"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eneco.2023.106977"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2025.126438"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122824"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.123801"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.11.004"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(70)80056-1"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, S.\n                      A K-means Algorithm for Monitoring the Sustainable Development of Eco-Environmental Carbon Emissions in China. Multidimensional Signals Processing, AI Methods and Applications;\n                      Singapore, 2025; pp 433\u2013442.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-9124-8_35"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2009.09.011"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2021.106724"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eneco.2016.08.024"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2016.02.020"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","unstructured":"NBS, National Bureau of Statistics of\nChina Official\nWebsite. 2025; https:\/\/data.stats.gov.cn.\nAccessed October 28, 2025."},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","unstructured":"WIND, Wind Financial Terminal Official Website. 2025; https:\/\/www.wind.com.cn. Accessed October 28, 2025."},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","unstructured":"CEC, China Electricity Council Official Website. 2025; https:\/\/www.cec.org.cn. Accessed October 28, 2025."},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","unstructured":"The 9th Meeting\nof Central Financial and Economic Committee. Xinhua\nNews Agency, 2021."},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","unstructured":"Analysis Report\non the Economic Operation of China\u2019s Power\nIndustry in 2019\n                      ; CEC, 2019."},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","unstructured":"Annual Development Report\nof China\u2019s Power Industry 2024\n                      ; CEC, 2024."},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","volume-title":"2024 Guiding Opinions on Energy Work","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","unstructured":"The People\u2019s\nGovernment of Qinghai Province,\n                      Annual Analysis\nReport on the Development Level of Green\nPower in Qinghai Province (2024)\n                      ; 2024."},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45313-z"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30747-0"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48450-7"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c04738"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-020-00662-4"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44284-024-00088-8"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c03792"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science & Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12739","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12739","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T09:10:38Z","timestamp":1764666638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12739"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"47","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.5c12739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12739","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]}}}