{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:30:30Z","timestamp":1777530630033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019333","name":"Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019333","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002462","name":"Deloitte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002462","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c12769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T14:20:06Z","timestamp":1776090006000},"page":"11890-11900","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decarbonizing Basic Chemicals Production in North America, Europe, Middle East, and China: a Scenario Modeling Study"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0434-2812","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tubagus Aryandi","family":"Gunawan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ASEAN Centre for Energy","place":["Jakarta, Indonesia"]},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Depok, Indonesia"]},{"name":"University of Indonesia","place":["Depok, Indonesia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4824-9385","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongxi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment","place":["Princeton, United States of America"]},{"name":"Princeton University","place":["Princeton, United States of America"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Greig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment","place":["Princeton, United States of America"]},{"name":"Princeton University","place":["Princeton, United States of America"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0299-7591","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eric D.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment","place":["Princeton, United States of America"]},{"name":"Princeton University","place":["Princeton, United States of America"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","unstructured":"American Chemistry Council, \u201c2023 Guide to the Business\nof Chemistry\u201d, Washington, D.C., USA. 2023. https:\/\/www.americanchemistry.com\/content\/download\/14468\/file\/2023-Guide-to-the-Business-of-Chemistry.pdf (accessed 2025-03-03)."},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","unstructured":"\u201cGDP (Current\nUS$) | Data\u201d, World Bank,\nWashington, DC, USA. 2025. Retrieved 15 August 2025. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD."},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b04573"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/aa1edf33-en"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Harrandt, J.; Carus, M.; vom Berg, C. \u201cEvaluation of Recent Reports on the Future of a Net-Zero Chemical Industry in 2050,\u201d nova-Institut GmbH, H\u00fcrth, Germany. 2024. https:\/\/renewable-carbon.eu\/publications\/product\/evaluation-of-recent-reports-on-the-future-of-a-net-zero-chemical-industry-in-2050-pdf\/. 10.52548\/SXWV6083 (accessed 2025-04-07).","DOI":"10.52548\/SXWV6083"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1821029116"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","volume-title":"Planet Positive Chemicals: Pathways for the Chemical Industry to Enable a Sustainable Global Economy","author":"Ishii N.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","unstructured":"Science Based Targets initiative\n(SBTi), \u201cScience Based\nTarget Setting in the Chemicals Sector: Status Report\u201d, London, UK, 2023."},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","unstructured":"European Chemical Industry\nCouncil (CEFIC) .\u201cThe\nAntwerp Declaration for a European Industrial Deal\u201d, Brussels, Belgium. 2024. https:\/\/antwerp-declaration.eu\/ (accessed 2025-04-07)."},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Energy. \u201cTransformative Pathways for\nU.S. Industry: Unlocking American Innovation,\u201d Washington, D.C., USA. 2025. Accessed on January 18,\n2025. https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/iedo\/articles\/transformative-pathways-us-industry-unlocking-american-innovation."},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","volume-title":"Industrial Decarbonisation Strategy","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","volume-title":"A European Chemicals Industry Action Plan","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1557\/s43577-021-00243-9"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2022.107798"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2017.07.001"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","volume-title":"Mission Possible: Reaching Net-Zero Carbon Emissions from Harder-to-Abate Sectors by Mid-Century","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","volume-title":"Pathways for the Global Chemical Industry to Climate Neutrality","author":"Hermanns R.","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en14133772"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","volume-title":"Industrial Innovation: Pathways to Deep Decarbonisation of Industry. Part 2: Scenario Analysis and Pathways to Deep Decarbonisation","author":"Fleiter T.","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cattry, A.; Vuppanapalli, C.; Mallapragada, D. S. \u201cComparative Reactor, Process, Techno-Economic, and Life Cycle Emissions Assessment of Ethylene Production via Electrified and Thermal Steam Cracking.\u201d 10.26434\/chemrxiv-2025-0nbs9.","DOI":"10.26434\/chemrxiv-2025-0nbs9"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","volume-title":"2024 Levelized Cost of Net-Zero Materials: Net Zero Carriers A Persistent Green Premium","author":"Attwood J.","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","volume-title":"Towards Net-Zero Emissions Policy Priorities for Deployment of Low-Carbon Emitting Technologies in the Chemical Industry","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg9853"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","volume-title":"Chemical Recycling of Plastics (Part 1): Market Update","author":"Vasta K.","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","volume-title":"Chemical Recycling of Plastics (Part 2): Technologies and Costs","author":"Vasta K.","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144483"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2017.07.044"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","volume-title":"ReShaping Plastics: Pathways to A Circular Climate Neutral Plastics System in Europe","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","volume-title":"The Circular Economy for Plastics: A European Analysis","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","volume-title":"The Plastics Transition: Our Industry\u2019s Roadmap for Plastics in Europe to Be Circular and Have Net-Zero Emissions by 2050","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","volume-title":"Bioresources within a Net-Zero Emissions Economy: Making a Sustainable Approach Possible","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","volume-title":"The Future of Petrochemicals: Towards More Sustainable Plastics and Fertilisers","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04270"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","volume-title":"Limit Global Warming to 1.5\u00b0C -Sectoral Pathways & Key Performance Indicators","author":"Teske S.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-022-05004-0"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","unstructured":"Huyett, C.; Peltier, M.; Dass, A.; Cangelose, B.; Payer, B. \u201cChemistry in Transition: Charting Solutions for a Low-Emissions Chemical Industry,\u201d Rocky Mountain Institute, 2025. https:\/\/rmi.org\/chemistry-in-transition-charting-solutions-for-a-low-emissions-chemical-industry\/."},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2218294120"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2019.106464"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","volume-title":"Carbon clarity in the global petrochemical supply chain (C-THRU)","author":"Cullen J. M.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c05202"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c08703"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.12.236"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-021-01271-8"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.136092"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","unstructured":"Wack, P. \u201cScenarios: Uncharted Waters Ahead,\u201d Harvard Business Review 63, No. 5, pages 72\u201389. 1985. Retrieved 8 September 2025. https:\/\/hbr.org\/1985\/09\/scenarios-uncharted-waters-ahead."},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","volume-title":"IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6): Summary for Policymakers","author":"Allan R. P.","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","unstructured":"\u201cWorld Analysis\n- Chemical Market Analytics By OPIS, a Dow\nJones Company,\u201d 2025. Retrieved\n26 August 2025. https:\/\/chemicalmarketanalytics.com\/services\/world-analysis\/."},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","volume-title":"Industry Decarbonization Market Outlook 1H 2024: Policy Steps Up","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","volume-title":"Guidelines for Scoping and Estimating Early Mover CCS Projects","author":"Greig C.","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.122775"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","volume-title":"PATHWAYS TO NET-ZERO: SBTi Technical Summary","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","volume-title":"Net Zero by 2050 - A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","unstructured":"Yankovitz, D.; Kumpf, B.; Perkins, J.; Foote, K.; Greig, C.; Gunawan, T. A.; Larson, E. D.; Luo, H. \u201cPathways Toward Sustainability: A Roadmap for the Global Chemicals Industry,\u201d Deloitte and Princeton University\u2019s Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, 2025. https:\/\/www.deloitte.com\/content\/dam\/assets-shared\/docs\/industries\/energy-resources-industrials\/2025\/global-value-chain.pdf (accessed 2025-10-20)."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12769","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12769","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:43:14Z","timestamp":1777394594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12769"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.5c12769"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c12769","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]}}}