{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T12:05:05Z","timestamp":1773317105140,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023YFC3208205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3208205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["52300123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52300123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c13201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T11:41:12Z","timestamp":1772019672000},"page":"7067-7078","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Small-Portion Replacement with MnO\n                    <sub>\n                      <i>x<\/i>\n                    <\/sub>\n                    Media Promotes Biofilm Development, Leading to Rapid Biological Maturation and Sustained Mn(II) Removal in Sand Filtration"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Xuyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]},{"name":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd.","place":["Zhuhai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huidong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd.","place":["Zhuhai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd.","place":["Zhuhai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd.","place":["Zhuhai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd.","place":["Zhuhai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuxiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2129-4717","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Baoyou","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhili","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]},{"name":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-1936","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","volume-title":"Manganese and Its Compounds","author":"William-Johnson M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10316"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2005.0002"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.1c00293"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","volume-title":"Water and Air Quality Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch","author":"Canada H.","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8030"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","unstructured":"World Health, O.\n                      Manganese in Drinking Water: Background Document for Development of WHO Guidelines for drinking-water Quality\n                      ; World Health Organization: Geneva, 2021-12\u201323, 2021."},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.1c00222"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.3.628-639.1990"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","unstructured":"Waite, T. D.; Sly, L. I.; Khoe, G.; Dixon, D. R.; Chiswell, B.; Batley, G. E. Manganese and iron related problems in water supplies - observations and research needs\n                      Australian Water and Wastewater Association 13th Federal Convention: Investing in Water Futures, the Australian Water Industry in the 1990\u2019s; Preprints of Papers\n                      ; Institution of Engineers: Australia: Barton, 1989. ACT."},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c03203"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c08293"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es60100a008"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0095-8522(64)90036-4"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/ws.2002.0166"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35762\/AER.2017.39.1.1"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40726-016-0036-2"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4491\/ksee.2023.45.11.459"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b06497"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c02323"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2007.07.016"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409119102"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2023.125214"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wqrj.2017.006"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2023.112859"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120219"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.08.008"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-017-0534-7"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2016.077"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2014.08.006"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1551-8833.1988.tb03151.x"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5EW00344J"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131877"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118104"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.122711"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2015.117"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2017.084"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123033"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.09.073"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2015.03.004"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.07.029"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-015-7039-6"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0548-6"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.12"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx117"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae909"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.49.1.1-7.1985"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","first-page":"17","volume":"7","author":"Gaudy A.","year":"1962","journal-title":"Ind. Water Wastes"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00164784"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.114897"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es203262n"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.03.252"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.03.016"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2010.052"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2011.570284"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.115768"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.09.042"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(09)60083-8"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.115424"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2016.106"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.11.062"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.9.4024-4029.2001"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(88)80051-1"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.11.063"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07143"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.10.045"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2021.124826"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01850-12"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b02772"},{"key":"ref71\/cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2006.01216.x"},{"key":"ref72\/cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c01235"},{"key":"ref73\/cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09593330802306139"},{"key":"ref74\/cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/aqua.2013.093"},{"key":"ref75\/cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121142"},{"key":"ref76\/cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2018.05.060"},{"key":"ref77\/cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2017.06.006"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13201","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13201","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T08:19:39Z","timestamp":1773130779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.5c13201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13201","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]}}}