{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:12:59Z","timestamp":1791519179103,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P42 ES027704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P42 ES027704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIA ES101074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIA ES101074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIC ES103363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIC ES103363"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIC ES103371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIC ES103371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N95021D00012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N95021D00012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIH Office of Autoimmune Disease Research, Office of Research on Women?s Health","award":["OD ORWH-23-085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OD ORWH-23-085"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c13753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T13:00:43Z","timestamp":1769000443000},"page":"3068-3079","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evaluating Legacy and Emerging PFAS in Human Blood Collected from 2003 to 2021"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0687-3733","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gregory P.","family":"Kudzin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]},{"name":"University of North Carolina","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9702-2294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James N.","family":"Dodds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]},{"name":"University of North Carolina","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3248-820X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kaylie I.","family":"Kirkwood-Donelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","place":["Research Triangle Park, United States"]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","place":["Research Triangle Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9964-9966","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adam","family":"Schiffenbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch","place":["Bethesda, United States"]},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)","place":["Bethesda, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kakali","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch","place":["Bethesda, United States"]},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)","place":["Bethesda, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payam","family":"Noroozi Farhadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch","place":["Bethesda, United States"]},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)","place":["Bethesda, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick W.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch","place":["Bethesda, United States"]},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)","place":["Bethesda, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","place":["Research Triangle Park, United States"]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","place":["Research Triangle Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie","family":"Chappel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (ESE), Gillings School of Global Public Health","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]},{"name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2228-6308","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alan K.","family":"Jarmusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","place":["Research Triangle Park, United States"]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","place":["Research Triangle Park, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa G.","family":"Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch","place":["Bethesda, United States"]},{"name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH)","place":["Bethesda, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5246-2213","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erin S.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]},{"name":"University of North Carolina","place":["Chapel Hill, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","unstructured":"Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl\nSubstances (PFAS)\n                      https:\/\/www.niehs.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/agents\/pfc"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c06499"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","unstructured":"Frontiers\n                      Thyroid Disrupting Effects of Old and New\nGeneration PFAS\n                      https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/endocrinology\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.612320\/full"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.141654"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.03.002"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-10-88"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-28739-8"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","unstructured":"3M's PFAS Stewardship\n                      https:\/\/pfas.3m.com\/3M-to-share-record-on-PFAS-with-House-Oversight-Subcommittee"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","unstructured":"US EPA, O\n                      Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl\nSubstances (PFAS)\n                      . https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sdwa\/and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","unstructured":"US EPA, O\n                      EPA Announces It Will\nKeep Maximum Contaminant\nLevels for PFOA, PFOS\n                      https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/newsreleases\/epa-announces-it-will-keep-maximum-contaminant-levels-pfoa-pfos"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","volume-title":"Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals","author":"CDC","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c04855"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b06017"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c04299"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179760"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2022.102266"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","volume-title":"Enhancing NIH Research on Autoimmune Disease; The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.06.007"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13058"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2024.156753"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-024-00441-y"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-022-00958-5"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12395"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/slj5sf"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-024-00267-6"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05364"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.1c00425"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adj7048"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","unstructured":"National Center for Environmental\nHealth (U.S.)\n                      Fourth National Report\non Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Updated Tables, March\n2021: Volume Three: Analysis of Pooled Serum Samples for Select Chemicals,\nNHANES 2005\u20132016\n                      ; 2021, https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/105344"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","volume-title":"Standard Reference Material 1957 Organic Contaminants in Non-Fortified Human Serum (Freeze-Dried)","author":"NIST","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-021-03241-7"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-04363-0"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c13846"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","unstructured":"CompTox Chemicals Dashboard\n                      https:\/\/comptox.epa.gov\/dashboard\/chemical-lists\/PFASSTRUCT"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","unstructured":"A Simple Test for Heteroscedasticity and Random\nCoefficient Variation\non JSTOR\n                      https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1911963?seq=1"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.05.34"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","unstructured":"CDC\n                      Fast Facts: PFAS in the U.S. Population. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl\nSubstances (PFAS) and Your Health\n                      https:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/pfas\/data-research\/facts-stats\/index.html"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.05.013"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.09.036"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2016.12.014"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EE9.0000607764.32607.01"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.06.031"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c04501"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119859"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es401525n"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b03752"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atmospheric chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate\nand ionic\nperfluoroalkyl acids in 2006 to 2014 in Dalian, China | Environmental\nToxicology and Chemistry\n                      https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/etc\/article\/36\/10\/2581\/7740287","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3810"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107108"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.112674"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c01354"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114805"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106596"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117078"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106637"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105295"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05849"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EM00077A"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c00201"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-011-0488-2"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-021-03463-9"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61651-6"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es200135c"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es200167q"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.01.004"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es9028183"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EM00461A"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00679"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.01.023"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP1841"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","unstructured":"NORMAN Substance Database\n                      https:\/\/www.norman-network.com\/nds\/susdat\/"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science & Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13753","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T08:04:55Z","timestamp":1784621095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.5c13753"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c13753","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]}}}