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Notably, PFAS is frequently detected in maternal blood, placental tissue, and umbilical cord blood, indicating direct fetal exposure to PFAS through the maternal\u2013fetal interface. As the central organ regulating nutrient exchange, endocrine signaling, and immune balance, the placenta is particularly vulnerable to PFAS exposure, and its dysfunction is linked with various adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, preterm birth, preeclampsia, etc. However, existing knowledge on PFAS-induced placental dysfunction remains fragmented, typically addressing their occurrence, transplacental transfer, specific mechanistic targets, or epidemiological evidence in isolation. This review synthesizes evidence tracing the entire trajectory of PFAS exposure\u2500from maternal uptake and distribution in the bloodstream to placental accumulation, transplacental passage, and fetal exposure. It further highlights how PFAS may interfere with key processes of placental development, including angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, trophoblast migration and invasion, lipid metabolism, hormone production, and establishment of the maternal\u2013fetal immune microenvironment, which provides mechanistic explanations linking PFAS exposure to adverse pregnancy outcomes. By integrating transplacental behaviors, mechanistic insights, epidemiological findings, and methodological advances, this review offers a comprehensive perspective on PFAS-induced placental toxicity and presents new directions for assessing maternal\u2013fetal health risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c18201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T07:17:49Z","timestamp":1776410269000},"page":"11813-11832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["From\nMaternal Exposure to Fetal Risk: Unraveling the\nPFAS Exposure Pathway and Its Placental Toxicity Mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yurou","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100085"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zichen","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100085"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4759-5016","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qian S.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100085"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2521-100X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qunfang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100085"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6335-3917","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guibin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100085"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2026090712243355500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-018-0094-1","article-title":"A Review of the Pathways of Human Exposure to Poly-\nand Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Present Understanding of\nHealth Effects","volume":"29","author":"Sunderland","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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