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While ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) effectively degrade those micropollutants, their implementation is complex because of difficulties in predicting treatment performance, deriving kinetic parameters, inferring reaction mechanisms, and optimizing energy-intensive operations. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) are providing novel, data-driven solutions to these long-standing challenges. This work provides an overview on the rapid progress in leveraging ML to model UV-AOPs, including forecasting micropollutant degradation efficacy, estimating bimolecular rate constants of radicals with micropollutants, mapping plausible transformation pathways of micropollutants in various UV-AOPs, and performing intelligent optimization toward operating parameters. We also discuss the challenges, research gaps, and future directions, involving embedding physicochemical principles into interpretable ML frameworks, integrating real-time control, advancing prediction of byproduct toxicity, and the development of LLM (large language model)-assisted knowledge infrastructure, ultimately enabling smarter, more efficient, and safer UV-AOP systems and fostering deeper integration of data science and water treatment engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c00957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:01:19Z","timestamp":1787166079000},"page":"23625-23641","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Harnessing Machine\nLearning to Enhance UV-based Advanced\nOxidation Processes for Sustainable Micropollutant Abatement"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Bohan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210023"]},{"name":"Nanjing University Suzhou Campus , , ,","place":["Suzhou, China, 215163"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210023"]},{"name":"Nanjing University Suzhou Campus , , ,","place":["Suzhou, China, 215163"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210023"]},{"name":"Nanjing University Suzhou Campus , , ,","place":["Suzhou, China, 215163"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3360-7891","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chii","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , , Clear Water Bay , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]},{"name":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , , Clear Water Bay , , ,","place":["Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingzheng","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210023"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9001-1413","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210023"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0056-8347","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ran","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210023"]},{"name":"Nanjing University Suzhou Campus , , ,","place":["Suzhou, China, 215163"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinkun","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210023"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090307133770600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118418","article-title":"Source, fate, transport and modelling\nof selected emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment: Current\nstatus and future perspectives","volume":"217","author":"Tong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026090307133770600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.151003","article-title":"Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances in water and wastewater:\nA critical review of their global occurrence and distribution","volume":"809","author":"Kurwadkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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