{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:44:01Z","timestamp":1792784641733,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Outstanding Talent Training Foundation","award":["JWZQ20240101005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JWZQ20240101005"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["52192683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52192683"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["52221004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52221004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["52300051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52300051"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as the core sewage sludge components play important roles in floc stability and pollutant adsorption. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EPS\u2013virus interactions and their environmental implications remain unclear. This study employed three representative model EPS components, i.e., proteins, polysaccharides, and humic substances, and systematically investigated EPS\u2013virus interaction mechanisms with T7 bacteriophage as a virus surrogate. By integrating surface plasmon resonance analysis, double-layer agar plaque assays and qPCR, we demonstrated that proteins dominate virus adsorption and stability within simulated EPS matrices. With rapid protein\u2013virus association (ka up to 106 M\u20131\u00b7s\u20131) and moderate binding affinities (KD in the 10\u20136\u201310\u20137 M range), roughly 60% of viral infectivity was preserved over 8 days, in contrast to the 4.58% observed in the control. By integrating Extended Derjaguin\u2013Landau\u2013Verwey\u2013Overbeek (XDLVO) theory, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations, we further elucidated that adsorption is primarily governed by van der Waals forces, with electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen-bond interactions also involved. Moreover, the protein conformational rearrangements upon adsorption may further facilitate the formation of stable complexes. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the fate and potential EPS-mediated risks of viruses in engineered and natural aquatic environments, and also offer a theoretical basis for improving viral risk assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c01836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T15:01:50Z","timestamp":1789830110000},"page":"27904-27916","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protein-Dominated\nAdsorption and Protection on Viruses\nin Model EPS Components: Insight from Multiscale Mechanistic Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6617-5880","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiyong","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Tsinghua Institute for Frontier Interdisciplinary Innovation , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 102200"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0855-0202","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huijuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6544-7853","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10440","key":"2026100609062038900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00476-8","article-title":"Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy,\nand population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811\nsubnational locations, 1950\u20132021, and the impact of the COVID-19\npandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden\nof Disease Study 2021","volume":"403","author":"Schumacher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100609062038900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eehl.2022.04.006","article-title":"A narrative review\non the role of\ntemperature and humidity in COVID-19: Transmission, persistence, and\nepidemiological evidence","volume":"1","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eco-Environ. Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026100609062038900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00357","article-title":"Presence of SARS-Coronavirus-2 RNA\nin Sewage and Correlation\nwith Reported COVID-19 Prevalence in the Early Stage of the Epidemic\nin The Netherlands","volume":"7","author":"Medema","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100609062038900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2011.02630.x","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis\nof DNA viruses in a wastewater treatment plant in tropical climate","volume":"14","author":"Tamaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2019.121868","article-title":"Adsorption behaviors\nof Cu(2+), Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) onto proteins, humic acid, and polysaccharides\nextracted from sludge EPS: Sorption properties and mechanisms","volume":"291","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026100609062038900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6476","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b00568","article-title":"Understanding\nthe Role of Extracellular Polymeric Substances on Ciprofloxacin Adsorption\nin Aerobic Sludge, Anaerobic Sludge, and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria\nSludge Systems","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026100609062038900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16627","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c05203","article-title":"Molecular Insight into\nthe Binding Property\nand Mechanism of Sulfamethoxazole to Extracellular Proteins of Anammox\nSludge","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026100609062038900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7742","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c00850","article-title":"Molecular\nInsights into Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Activated Sludge","volume":"54","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.117995","article-title":"Interactions between virus surrogates and sewage sludge\nvary by viral analyte: Recovery, persistence, and sorption","volume":"210","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/s44221-023-00033-4","article-title":"Impact\nof sewer biofilms on fate of SARS-CoV-2\nRNA and wastewater surveillance","volume":"1","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Water"},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118596","article-title":"Interface behavior\nand removal mechanisms of human pathogenic viruses in anaerobic membrane\nbioreactor (AnMBR)","volume":"219","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.02.046","article-title":"Removal properties\nof human enteric viruses in a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR)\nprocess","volume":"75","author":"Miura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100609062038900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5159","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b06113","article-title":"Heterogeneous\nDiffusion of Polystyrene Nanoparticles through an Alginate Matrix:\nThe Role of Cross-linking and Particle Size","volume":"54","author":"Rodri\u0301guez-Sua\u0301rez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026100609062038900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14403","DOI":"10.1021\/es4033106","article-title":"Influence\nof Bovine Serum Albumin and Alginate on Silver Nanoparticle Dissolution\nand Toxicity to Nitrosomonas europaea","volume":"47","author":"Ostermeyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2026100609062038900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2006.03.103","article-title":"Capture and release\nof viruses using amino-functionalized silica particles","volume":"569","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.119115","article-title":"Microplastics as potential\ncarriers\nof viruses could prolong virus survival and infectivity","volume":"225","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026100609062038900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7628","DOI":"10.1021\/es801003s","article-title":"Deposition\nKinetics of Bacteriophage\nMS2 on a Silica Surface Coated with Natural Organic Matter in a Radial\nStagnation Point Flow Cell","volume":"42","author":"Yuan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100609062038900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b04644","article-title":"Viruses at\nSolid-Water Interfaces:\nA Systematic Assessment of Interactions Driving Adsorption","volume":"50","author":"Armanious","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2021.07.072","article-title":"Modelling the adsorption\nof proteins to nanoparticles at the solid-liquid interface","volume":"605","author":"Soloviev","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.06.001","article-title":"Antiviral\nadsorption activity of porous silicon nanoparticles against different\npathogenic human viruses","volume":"7","author":"Osminkina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026100609062038900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"msae231","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msae231","article-title":"The Characterization\nof Ancient Methanococcales Malate Dehydrogenases Reveals That Strong\nThermal Stability Prevents Unfolding Under Intense \u03b3-Irradiation","volume":"41","author":"Madern","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12041","DOI":"10.1038\/srep12041","article-title":"Extracellular\nprotein analysis of activated sludge and their functions in wastewater\ntreatment plant by shotgun proteomics","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci.\nRep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5268","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60322-2","article-title":"Native\nglobular\nferritin nanopore sensor","volume":"16","author":"Yin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100609062038900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-008-0544-6","article-title":"Study on elastic\nmodulus of individual ferritin","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chin. Sci. Bull."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026100609062038900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7739","DOI":"10.1021\/es061715q","article-title":"Model Bacterial\nExtracellular Polysaccharide Adsorption onto Silica and Alumina: Quartz\nCrystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring of Dextran Adsorption","volume":"40","author":"Kwon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026100609062038900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9580","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b02775","article-title":"Evolution\nof Membrane Fouling Revealed by Label-Free Vibrational Spectroscopic\nImaging","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2012.09.017","article-title":"The chemical and mechanical\ndifferences between alginate-like exopolysaccharides isolated from\naerobic flocculent sludge and aerobic granular sludge","volume":"47","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026100609062038900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3007","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.4c00217","article-title":"Reinvestigating\nthe Composition of Alginate-Like Exopolymers Extracted from Activated\nSludge","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS ES&T Wat"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026100609062038900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(02)00630-9","article-title":"Biosorption\nof humic and fulvic acids to live activated\nsludge biomass","volume":"37","author":"Esparza-Soto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100609062038900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1021\/es203607d","article-title":"Electrochemical\nCarbon-Nanotube Filter\nPerformance toward Virus Removal and Inactivation in the Presence\nof Natural Organic Matter","volume":"46","author":"Rahaman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.02.074","article-title":"A comparative study of the adsorption\nof humic acid, fulvic acid and phenol onto Bacillus subtilis and activated\nsludge","volume":"149","author":"Moura","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"43","key":"2026100609062038900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4606","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1407020111","article-title":"Capsid\nexpansion mechanism of bacteriophage T7 revealed by multistate\natomic models derived from cryo-EM reconstructions","volume":"111","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026100609062038900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2021.06.001","article-title":"Cryo-EM structure\nof the periplasmic tunnel of T7 DNA-ejectosome\nat 2.7 \u00c5 resolution","volume":"81","author":"Swanson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46260-5","article-title":"A structural\nand dynamic visualization\nof the interaction between MAP7 and microtubules","volume":"15","author":"Adler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9486","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53772-7","article-title":"Single-molecule\nimaging and molecular dynamics\nsimulations reveal early activation of the MET receptor in cells","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026100609062038900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6780","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SC08672D","article-title":"Flipping out: role\nof arginine in hydrophobic interactions and biological formulation\ndesign","volume":"16","author":"Zajac","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.48130\/biocontam-0025-0009","article-title":"Plant extracts\nalleviate the risks of human bacterial pathogens from agricultural\nsoil by disturbing quorum sensing","volume":"1","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biocontaminant"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100609062038900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2922","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07163","article-title":"Inhibited\nNitric Oxide Production of Human Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase\nby Nitrated and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.48130\/biocontam-0025-0013","article-title":"Plant phenolic\nacids enhance antibiotic efficacy against multidrug-resistant extraintestinal\npathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"1","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biocontaminant"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026100609062038900_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12327","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c16045","article-title":"Integrated Resource\nRecovery from Sludge for Synergizing Quorum Sensing and Interspecies\nElectron Transfer in Anaerobic Treatment","volume":"60","author":"Lv","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100609062038900_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c10886","article-title":"Mucin Colocalizes\nwith Influenza Virus and Preserves Infectivity in Deposited Model\nRespiratory Droplets","volume":"59","author":"Pan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"42","key":"2026100609062038900_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18856","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c04734","article-title":"Salt Supersaturation\nas an Accelerator of Influenza A Virus Inactivation\nin 1 \u03bcL Droplets","volume":"58","author":"Schaub","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5835","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40835-4","article-title":"A subset of viruses thrives following\nmicrobial resuscitation during rewetting of a seasonally dry California\ngrassland soil","volume":"14","author":"Nicolas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"41","key":"2026100609062038900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2507909122","article-title":"The intestinal\nenvironment potentiates bacteriophage\nadaptation in response to phenotypic resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium","volume":"122","author":"Wenner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100609062038900_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eehl.2025.100178","article-title":"Heterogeneity\nin susceptibility of viruses with different structures to various\nreactive oxygen species: Kinetics and biological mechanisms","volume":"4","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eco-Environ. Health"},{"issue":"39","key":"2026100609062038900_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2206292119","article-title":"Single-particle\nstudies of the effects of RNA\u2013protein interactions on the self-assembly\nof RNA virus particles","volume":"119","author":"Garmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.\nU. S. A."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121242","article-title":"Mitigation of viruses of concern\nand bacteriophage surrogates via common unit processes for water reuse:\nA meta-analysis","volume":"252","author":"Heffron","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026100609062038900_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.02.032","article-title":"Fate and\ntransport of viruses during sewage treatment in a mound system","volume":"42","author":"Charles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"39","key":"2026100609062038900_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn9665","article-title":"Microfluidic affinity selection of active SARS-CoV-2\nvirus particles","volume":"8","author":"Gamage","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.04.083","article-title":"Characterisation\nof Fe-oxide nanoparticles coated with humic acid and Suwannee River\nnatural organic matter","volume":"461\u2013462","author":"Chekli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-7388(01)00792-X","article-title":"Characterization\nof anion exchange membranes fouled with humate during electrodialysis","volume":"203","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100609062038900_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202307138","article-title":"HER2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-\u03b2 promotes\nmammary morphogenesis and breast cancer progression","volume":"223","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2009.10.004","article-title":"Diffusion-limited kinetics of adsorption of biomolecules\non supported nanoparticles","volume":"76","author":"Zhdanov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Colloid Surf. B-Biointerfaces"},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199637492.003.0006","article-title":"Surface plasmon resonance","volume-title":"Protein-Ligand\nInteractions: hydrodynamics and calorimetry","author":"Van Der Merwe","year":"2000"},{"issue":"41","key":"2026100609062038900_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19265","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NR05790K","article-title":"Isothermal\ntitration calorimetry\nas a complementary method for investigating nanoparticle\u2013protein\ninteractions","volume":"11","author":"Prozeller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026100609062038900_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2017.02.002","article-title":"Kinetics for Drug Discovery:\nan industry-driven effort to target drug residence time","volume":"22","author":"Schuetz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026100609062038900_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.111450","article-title":"Comparison\nof activated\nsludge and virus interactions in aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026100609062038900_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00396-007-1740-7","article-title":"Electrokinetics\nof soft particles","volume":"285","author":"Ohshima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Colloid Polym. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1021\/es030416n","article-title":"Deposition\nand Reentrainment of Brownian Particles\nin Porous Media under Unfavorable Chemical Conditions: Some Concepts\nand Applications","volume":"38","author":"Hahn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026100609062038900_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3620","DOI":"10.1021\/es048289y","article-title":"Spatial Distributions\nof Cryptosporidium Oocysts in\nPorous Media: Evidence for Dual Mode Deposition","volume":"39","author":"Tufenkji","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026100609062038900_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6976","DOI":"10.1021\/es070210c","article-title":"Kinetics of Coupled Primary- and\nSecondary-Minimum Deposition of Colloids under Unfavorable Chemical\nConditions","volume":"41","author":"Shen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"39","key":"2026100609062038900_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34540","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c04610","article-title":"Common Divalent Cations Elicit Sublethal\nEffects of Negatively Charged Nanoplastics on Shewanella oneidensis\nby Compromising Membrane Protein Functionality","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026100609062038900_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14948","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c00745","article-title":"Impact of Plastic Particles\non the Horizontal Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes to Bacterium:\nDependent on Particle Sizes and Antibiotic Resistance Gene Vector\nReplication Capacities","volume":"56","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100609062038900_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"041006","DOI":"10.1116\/1.4904074","article-title":"Applicability\nof the extended Derjaguin\u2013Landau\u2013Verwey\u2013Overbeek\ntheory on the adsorption of bovine serum albumin on solid surfaces","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biointerphases"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026100609062038900_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6462","DOI":"10.1021\/la047049t","article-title":"Relevance of Electrokinetic Theory\nfor \u201cSoft\u201d Particles to Bacterial Cells: Implications\nfor Bacterial Adhesion","volume":"21","author":"de Kerchove","year":"2005","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58991-0","article-title":"Anisotropic DLVO-like\ninteraction for charge patchiness\nin colloids and proteins","volume":"16","author":"Gnidovec","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121718","article-title":"Deciphering the role\nof extracellular polymeric substances in the adsorption and biotransformation\nof organic micropollutants during anaerobic wastewater treatment","volume":"257","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026100609062038900_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7719","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.6b00786","article-title":"Kinetic\nand Conformational Insights of Protein Adsorption\nonto Montmorillonite Revealed Using in Situ ATR-FTIR\/2D-COS","volume":"32","author":"Schmidt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20886-7","article-title":"Surface\nchemistry-mediated\nmodulation of adsorbed albumin folding state specifies nanocarrier\nclearance by distinct macrophage subsets","volume":"12","author":"Vincent","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.02.031","article-title":"Role of extracellular\npolymeric substance in determining\nthe high aggregation ability of anammox sludge","volume":"75","author":"Hou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.115223","article-title":"Characterization of\nstratified EPS and their role in the initial adhesion of anammox consortia","volume":"169","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026100609062038900_cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5793","DOI":"10.1021\/jp3085292","article-title":"Importance\nof Polar Solvation and\nConfigurational Entropy for Design of Antiretroviral Drugs Targeting\nHIV-1 Protease","volume":"117","author":"Kar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100609062038900_cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1021\/es1031882","article-title":"Pilot-Scale Waste Activated Sludge\nAlkaline Fermentation, Fermentation\nLiquid Separation, and Application of Fermentation Liquid To Improve\nBiological Nutrient Removal","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100609062038900_cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2007.11.011","article-title":"Protein extraction\nfrom activated sludge: An analytical\napproach","volume":"42","author":"Ras","year":"2008","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026100609062038900_cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05234","article-title":"Photochemical Transformation\nof Aminoglycoside\nAntibiotics in Simulated Natural Waters","volume":"50","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. Technol."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026100609062038900_cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9009","DOI":"10.1021\/es050778q","article-title":"Molecular Structure in Soil Humic Substances: The New\nView","volume":"39","author":"Sutton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120990","article-title":"Formation of extracellular polymeric substances corona on TiO2 nanoparticles:\nRoles of crystalline phase and exposed facets","volume":"249","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100609062038900_cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms4040041","article-title":"EPS Then\nand Now","volume":"4","author":"Flemming","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100609062038900_cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415","article-title":"The biofilm matrix","volume":"8","author":"Flemming","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev.\nMicrobiol."},{"key":"2026100609062038900_cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2017.12.058","article-title":"Linking composition\nof extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to the physical structure\nand hydraulic resistance of membrane biofilms","volume":"132","author":"Desmond","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609062038900_cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/s44172-024-00298-x","article-title":"Perspectives\non innovative\nnon-fertilizer applications of sewage sludge for mitigating environmental\nand health hazards","volume":"3","author":"Fini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. Telecommun. Eng."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp;\nTechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.6c01836","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/60\/39\/27904\/68563411\/acs.est.6c01836.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/60\/39\/27904\/68563411\/acs.est.6c01836.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:29:26Z","timestamp":1791293366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article\/60\/39\/27904\/5433247\/Protein-Dominated-Adsorption-and-Protection-on"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.6c01836","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]]}}}