{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:44:30Z","timestamp":1791909870501,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3706700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3706700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21377138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21377138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41977356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41977356"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42377406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42377406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Self-Deployment Project of Institute of Soil Science, CAS","award":["ISSAS2419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISSAS2419"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As legislative regulations on traditional plasticizers have been tightened globally, diisononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) gains widespread use owing to its environmental safety claims. Nevertheless, the emerging toxicological evidence raises concerns about its health and ecological risks. In soil earthworms, the dynamic bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and tissue-specific distribution of DINCH were first characterized using mass spectrometry imaging, and the major metabolites of monoisononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (MINCH) and hydroxylated derivatives were primarily distributed in the earthworm coelom. Noticeably, the multilevel toxicological responses including growth inhibition, tissue damage, and oxidative stress were shown with a cascade of physiological and biochemical perturbations, particularly in endocrine and metabolic homeostasis. Disruption of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR\u03b3) signaling with downstream lipid biosynthesis and endocrine-metabolic homeostasis was further confirmed via integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics, while PPAR\u03b3 was prioritized as a candidate biomarker for apparent exposure. Due to the stronger binding interactions of MINCH by in vitro\/in silico studies, a metabolite-mediated mechanism whereby MINCH may mimic endogenous fatty acid-like ligands to regulate PPAR\u03b3 was rationalized for lipid metabolism and endocrine disturbances. These findings provide early warnings of the ecological relevance and potential risks of DINCH to soil ecosystems and underscore the essentiality of incorporating bioactive metabolites into full environmental risk assessments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c02959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:02:06Z","timestamp":1789574526000},"page":"28297-28311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Potential\nEcological Risks of the Novel Alternative\nPlasticizer Di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-Dicarboxylate via Metabolic\nToxification in Earthworms"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Xiuli","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-3142","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chenggang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengyuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7655-9244","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zunyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 210023"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland , , ,","place":["St Lucia, Australia, 4067"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Mari\u0301a","family":"Marti\u0301nez-Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alicante , , ,","place":["Alicante, Spain, 03690"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinglun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Nanjing, PR China, 211135"]},{"name":"University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , ,","place":["Beijing, PR China, 100049"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026101310172141000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-017-0398-7","article-title":"Exposure of hospitalised pregnant women to plasticizers\ncontained in medical devices","volume":"17","author":"Marie","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s\nHealth"},{"key":"2026101310172141000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.08.020","article-title":"A generic emission\nmodel to predict release of organic substances from materials in consumer\ngoods","volume":"437","author":"Holmgren","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. 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Environ.\nEpidemiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026101310172141000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfac076","article-title":"Gestational and lactational exposure\nto the emergent\nalternative plasticizer 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl\nester (DINCH) impairs lipid metabolism to a greater extent than the\ncommonly used di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the adult rat mammary\ngland","volume":"189","author":"Crobeddu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026101310172141000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11072","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11325-7","article-title":"Effect of\nprenatal DINCH plasticizer exposure on rat offspring testicular function\nand metabolism","volume":"7","author":"Campioli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. 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Pollut.\nBull."},{"key":"2026101310172141000_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.131206","article-title":"Legacy\nand alternative plasticizers\nin surface sediment of black-odorous urban rivers across China: Occurrence,\nspatial distribution, and ecological risk assessment","volume":"283","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026101310172141000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105972","article-title":"Legacy and emerging\norganophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in indoor microenvironments\nfrom Guangzhou, South China","volume":"143","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. 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Lipid Res."},{"key":"2026101310172141000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00423","article-title":"Editorial: Impact of\nlipid peroxidation on the physiology and pathophysiology\nof cell membranes","volume":"7","author":"Catala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. 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Manage."},{"issue":"Pt D","key":"2026101310172141000_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.127749","article-title":"Dibutyl phthalate induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity\non adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain","volume":"424","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard.\nMater."},{"key":"2026101310172141000_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2015.01.031","article-title":"Evaluation of DNA damage\nand antioxidant system induced by di-n-butyl\nphthalates exposure in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)","volume":"115","author":"Du","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. 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