{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:06:38Z","timestamp":1788876398895,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42207136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42207136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42325304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42325304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42473085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42473085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mass-independent oxygen-17 anomaly in ozone (\u039417O\u2013O3) provides a unique constraint on atmospheric transport and oxidation processes, yet its spatial variability over continental regions remains poorly characterized. Here, we present the first multisite observations of surface \u039417O\u2013O3 reported to date across China, revealing pronounced spatial heterogeneity (22.6\u201329.4 \u2030) and a latitude-related pattern. This pattern cannot be fully accounted for by known temperature- and pressure-dependent tropospheric isotope effects alone. Its covariation with tropopause height, potential vorticity, humidity, and diagnosed stratospheric-intrusion conditions indicates a measurable imprint of stratosphere-troposphere exchange on surface \u039417O\u2013O3. Using an isotope mixing framework, we derive an apparent stratospheric-like contribution of up to 26 \u00b1 18% to surface ozone, which should be interpreted as a semiquantitative upper-bound estimate. Sensitivity analysis further shows that spatial variations in \u039417O\u2013O3 can influence inferred nitrate formation pathways, with recalculations of previous nitrate studies indicating biases of up to 18%. These results suggest that spatially resolved \u039417O\u2013O3 observations can help constrain stratospheric influence on surface ozone and reduce biases in \u039417O-based interpretations of atmospheric oxidation pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c03224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T22:12:32Z","timestamp":1788127952000},"page":"24818-24828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multisite Observations\nof the Oxygen Isotope Anomaly\nin Surface Ozone Across China Indicate an Imprint of Stratosphere-Troposphere\nExchange"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9504-5409","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hao-Ran","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8722-8635","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan-Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding-Zhu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2021-6920","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mei-Yi","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]},{"name":"Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210044"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8657-3541","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Baptist University , , ,","place":["Hong Kong SAR, China, 999077"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7105","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8105","article-title":"Climate variability modulates western\nUS ozone air quality in spring via deep stratospheric intrusions","volume":"6","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Communications."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809064495500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4064","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48406-x","article-title":"Stratospheric\ninfluence on surface ozone pollution in China","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Communications."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126907","article-title":"Quantification of the enhancement\nof PM2.5 concentration by the downward\ntransport of ozone from the stratosphere","volume":"255","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"issue":"6705","key":"2026090809064495500_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adn2961","article-title":"Stratospheric air intrusions\npromote global-scale new particle formation","volume":"385","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090809064495500_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6919","DOI":"10.1021\/es200701q","article-title":"Influence of tropospheric ozone control\non exposure to ultraviolet radiation at the surface","volume":"45","author":"Madronich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo2493","article-title":"Rapid increases in tropospheric\nozone production and export from\nChina","volume":"8","author":"Verstraeten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Geoscience."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit7","unstructured":"World Meteorological Organization (WMO).\n          , 2007.  Scientific\nassessment of ozone depletion: 2006, Rep. 50, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. 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Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090809064495500_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6870","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c02843","article-title":"Important\nRole of NO3 Radical to Nitrate Formation Aloft in Urban Beijing: Insights\nfrom Triple Oxygen Isotopes Measured at the Tower","volume":"56","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/s41612-022-00273-3","article-title":"A diurnal\nstory of \u039417O(NO3-)\nin urban Nanjing and its implication for nitrate aerosol formation","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809064495500_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6107","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-6107-2019","article-title":"Heterogeneous\nsulfate aerosol formation mechanisms during wintertime Chinese haze\nevents: air quality model assessment using observations of sulfate\noxygen isotopes in Beijing","volume":"19","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry\nand Physics."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090809064495500_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2020JD033583","article-title":"Regional Characteristics of Atmospheric Sulfate Formation\nin East Antarctica Imprinted on 17O-Excess Signature","volume":"126","author":"Ishino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090809064495500_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13634","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c03574","article-title":"Role of Dust and Iron\nSolubility in Sulfate Formation\nduring the Long-Range Transport in East Asia Evidenced by 17O-Excess\nSignatures","volume":"56","author":"Itahashi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090809064495500_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4103","DOI":"10.1029\/2001GL013692","article-title":"Stratospheric\nCO2 isotopic anomalies and SF6 and CFC Tracer Concentrations in the\nArctic Polar Vortex","volume":"28","author":"Alexander","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-7-1925-2007","article-title":"Nitrogen\nand oxygen isotopic constraints on the origin of atmospheric nitrate\nin coastal Antarctica","volume":"7","author":"Savarino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry\nand Physics."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809064495500_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2022JD036559","article-title":"The Dominant Role of Brewer-Dobson Circulation on 17O-Excess Variations\nin Snow Pits at Dome A, Antarctica","volume":"127","author":"Pang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal\nof Geophysical Research: Atmospheres."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809064495500_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.6218","article-title":"Measurement of the\n17O-excess (Delta17O) of tropospheric ozone using a nitrite-coated\nfilter","volume":"26","author":"Vicars","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809064495500_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"GB3017","DOI":"10.1029\/2006GB002755","article-title":"Interannual and\nseasonal variability in atmospheric N2O","volume":"21","author":"Nevison","year":"2007","journal-title":"Global\nBiogeochemical Cycles."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809064495500_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6857","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-6857-2021","article-title":"Stratospheric carbon isotope fractionation\nand tropospheric histories of CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113 isotopologues","volume":"21","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics."},{"issue":"D5","key":"2026090809064495500_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D05303","DOI":"10.1029\/2008JD010696","article-title":"Comprehensive isotopic composition\nof atmospheric nitrate in the Atlantic Ocean boundary layer from 65\u00b0S\nto 79\u00b0N","volume":"114","author":"Morin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research:\nAtmospheres."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3859","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-3859-2020","article-title":"Global inorganic nitrate production\nmechanisms: comparison of a global model with nitrate isotope observations","volume":"20","author":"Alexander","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D03303","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JD008309","article-title":"Determination\nof intramolecular isotope\ndistribution of ozone by oxidation reaction with silver metal","volume":"113","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194303","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2917581","article-title":"The NO+O3\nreaction: A triple oxygen isotope perspective on the reaction dynamics\nand atmospheric implications for the transfer of the ozone isotope\nanomaly","volume":"128","author":"Savarino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Physics."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"044311","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3666852","article-title":"17O excess transfer\nduring the NO2 + O3 \u2192 NO3 + O2 reaction","volume":"136","author":"Berhanu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Physics."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134301","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4895614","article-title":"A new feature in\nthe internal heavy isotope distribution in ozone","volume":"141","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Physics."},{"issue":"723","key":"2026090809064495500_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.3587","article-title":"Meridional structure\nand future changes of tropopause\nheight and temperature","volume":"145","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of\nthe Royal Meteorological Society."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809064495500_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S1872-2040(20)60080-9","article-title":"Determination of 17O\nAnomaly in Atmospheric Aerosol Nitrate","volume":"49","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese\nJournal of Analytical Chemistry."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090809064495500_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4935","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-14-4935-2014","article-title":"NOx cycle and the tropospheric ozone\nisotope anomaly: an experimental investigation","volume":"14","author":"Michalski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090809064495500_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8889","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-15-8889-2015","article-title":"Tropospheric\nozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air\nquality to short-lived climate forcer","volume":"15","author":"Monks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atmospheric\nChemistry and Physics."},{"key":"2026090809064495500_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physchem-032511-143657","article-title":"The Physical Chemistry of Mass-Independent\nIsotope Effects and Their Observation in Nature","volume":"63","author":"Thiemens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090809064495500_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3011","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-3011-2009","article-title":"The governing processes and timescales\nof stratosphere-to-troposphere\ntransport and its contribution to ozone in the Arctic troposphere","volume":"9","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809064495500_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2020.10.023","article-title":"Comparison of RO tropopause height\nbased on different tropopause determination methods","volume":"67","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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