{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T16:25:12Z","timestamp":1786465512949,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"31","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026A1515011018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026A1515011018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025M772503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M772503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["42507007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42507007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The plant cell wall is conventionally regarded as a physical barrier with a strict size exclusion limit. However, this static paradigm fails to explain the pervasive accumulation of oversized colloidal particles within plant tissues. Although the presence of oversized particles inside plant tissues has been increasingly reported, the underlying mechanism enabling these particles to overcome the physical barrier of the cell wall remains largely unresolved. Using oversized chromium (Cr) colloids and rice as a model system, this study integrated cross-scale characterizations, molecular dynamics simulations, and molecular biological assays to elucidate the interfacial dynamics driving the breakthrough of oversized particles across the apoplastic barrier. Multiscale evidence reveals that this cross-barrier penetration is not a matter of pore-size matching, but rather a dynamic remodeling process driven by physicochemical forces. Specifically, the high microscopic roughness of the colloids dramatically amplifies the interfacial contact area, enabling dense multipoint contact with the cell wall. This tight association subsequently induces a strong, enthalpy-driven interfacial affinity, which forces the intrinsically rigid polysaccharide network to undergo spontaneous adaptive loosening and structural deformation, thereby opening a physical pathway for the entry of oversized particles. Ultimately, this study challenges the traditional size-threshold paradigm of biological barriers. These findings highlight that surface topography is not only a critical determinant for the cross-barrier bioavailability of colloids, but also the underlying trigger for systemic growth-defense metabolic trade-offs in plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c03652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:46:47Z","timestamp":1780933607000},"page":"21901-21912","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Breaking the Size\nBarrier: Surface Roughness Enables\nOversized Chromium Colloids to Penetrate Plant Cell Walls"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9327-7224","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0107-7379","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0324-1101","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qingqi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510642"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weichao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tenghaobo","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengsheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Louis","family":"Morel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]},{"name":"Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRAE-Universite\u0301 de Lorraine , ,","place":["Vandoeuvre-le\u0300s-Nancy, France, F-54518"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0803-4240","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yetao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9469-5274","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rongliang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]},{"name":"South China Agricultural University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510642"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18222","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c03116","article-title":"Aqueous and Colloidal Dynamics in\nSize-Fractionated Paddy Soil Aggregates with Multiple Metal Contaminants\nunder Redox Alternations","volume":"58","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081110082600900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4256","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07934","article-title":"Formation and Transport\nof Cr(III)-NOM-Fe Colloids\nupon Reaction of Cr(VI) with NOM-Fe(II) Colloids at Anoxic\u2013Oxic\nInterfaces","volume":"54","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081110082600900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1039\/D2EN00799A","article-title":"Dissolved\nOrganic Matter Regulates Aggregation and Deposition of Chromium (Hydr)Oxide\nColloids: Molecular-Scale Investigation Using ESI-FT-ICR-MS","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.: Nano"},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2024.116955","article-title":"Size-Dependent Mobility of Soil Colloids\nand Associated Organic Carbon Loading Capacity Following Stepwise\nDecreases in Redox Potential","volume":"448","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119852","article-title":"Nanocolloids\nin the Soil Environment: Transformation,\nTransport and Ecological Effects","volume":"262","author":"Ouyang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081110082600900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6436","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c08503","article-title":"Cellular Process\nof Polystyrene Nanoparticles Entry into Wheat Roots","volume":"56","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081110082600900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.010271","article-title":"Role of Root Hairs\nand Lateral Roots in Silicon Uptake by Rice","volume":"127","author":"Ma","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"issue":"4411","key":"2026081110082600900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1126\/science.205.4411.1144","article-title":"Determination of\nthe Pore Size of Cell Walls of Living Plant Cells","volume":"205","author":"Carpita","year":"1979","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081110082600900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2016.04.005","article-title":"Nanotechnology:\nA New Opportunity in Plant Sciences","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends\nPlant Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081110082600900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2015.1048326","article-title":"Barriers, Pathways\nand Processes for Uptake, Translocation\nand Accumulation of Nanomaterials in Plants \u2013 Critical Review","volume":"10","author":"Schwab","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081110082600900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1021\/nl015673+","article-title":"Formation and Growth\nof Au Nanoparticles inside Live Alfalfa Plants","volume":"2","author":"Gardea-Torresdey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081110082600900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1139\/er-2019-0085","article-title":"Interactions of Metal-Based\nNanoparticles (MBNPs) and Metal-Oxide\nNanoparticles (MONPs) with Crop Plants: A Critical Review of Research\nProgress and Prospects","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081110082600900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7385","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35066-y","article-title":"Polymer Nanoparticles\nPass the Plant Interface","volume":"13","author":"Parkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21389","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c05890","article-title":"Plant Cell Wall Remodeling under\nToxic Metal Stress: Structural Adaptation and Functional Implications","volume":"59","author":"K S","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. 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Cell Wall to Cd Phytotoxicity Affected by Continuous Nanoplastics\nStimulation","volume":"73","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14006","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c03801","article-title":"Unveiling the Phytotoxicity of Lithium-Ion Battery\nCathode Materials\nand Its Implications for Sustainable Battery Development","volume":"59","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. 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Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081110082600900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3395","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b06096","article-title":"Untargeted Metabolic\nPathway Analysis as an Effective Strategy to Connect Various Nanoparticle\nProperties to Nanoparticle-Induced Ecotoxicity","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081110082600900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00691-y","article-title":"Structure\nand Growth of Plant Cell-Walls","volume":"25","author":"Cosgrove","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol.\nCell Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081110082600900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5291","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b09781","article-title":"Nanoparticle Size\nand Coating Chemistry Control Foliar Uptake Pathways, Translocation\nand Leaf-to-Rhizosphere Transport in Wheat","volume":"13","author":"Avellan","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7970","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b09178","article-title":"Nanoparticle Charge and Size Control Foliar Delivery\nEfficiency to Plant Cells and Organelles","volume":"14","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS\nNano"},{"issue":"48","key":"2026081110082600900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19663","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c05686","article-title":"Electrostatics Control\nNanoparticle Interactions with\nModel and Native Cell Walls of Plants and Algae","volume":"57","author":"Jeon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081110082600900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.2009.01952.x","article-title":"Colloidal Suspensions of Clay or Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles\nCan Inhibit Leaf Growth and Transpiration via Physical Effects on\nRoot Water Transport","volume":"32","author":"Asli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant, Cell Environ."},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2807623","article-title":"Statistical\nThermodynamics of Surfaces,\nInterfaces, and Membranes","volume":"78","author":"Safran","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Stat. Phys."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081110082600900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11515","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.5c00592","article-title":"Topological\nDLVO Interaction of a Spiky Particle with a Wall","volume":"41","author":"Andrew","year":"2025","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EN00309C","article-title":"Polystyrene Nano- and\nMicroplastic Accumulation at Arabidopsis and Wheat Root Cap Cells,\nbut No Evidence for Uptake into Roots","volume":"7","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci.: Nano"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081110082600900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1039\/c9np00028c","article-title":"Phenolic Cross-Links: Building and de-Constructing\nthe Plant Cell Wall","volume":"37","author":"Mnich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081110082600900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3477","DOI":"10.1021\/es4043462","article-title":"Exposure\nof Iron Nanoparticles to\nArabidopsis Thaliana Enhances Root Elongation by Triggering Cell Wall\nLoosening","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"pt.2","key":"2026081110082600900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.09.018","article-title":"Exogenous\nAuxin Alleviates Cadmium\nToxicity in Arabidopsis Thaliana by Stimulating Synthesis of Hemicellulose\n1 and Increasing the Cadmium Fixation Capacity of Root Cell Walls","volume":"263","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081110082600900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1093\/mp\/ssq075","article-title":"Cell\nWall Biology: Perspectives from Cell Wall Imaging","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"2026081110082600900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.136342","article-title":"Trade-off\nStrategies for Driving the Toxicity and Metabolic Remodeling of Copper\nOxide Nanoparticles and Copper Ions in Ipomoea Aquatica","volume":"480","author":"Kang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."}],"container-title":["Environmental Science &amp;\nTechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.6c03652","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/60\/31\/21901\/66257245\/acs.est.6c03652.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article-pdf\/60\/31\/21901\/66257245\/acs.est.6c03652.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T15:01:47Z","timestamp":1786460507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/esthag\/article\/60\/31\/21901\/5232485\/Breaking-the-Size-Barrier-Surface-Roughness"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"31","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.6c03652","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]}}}