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Metagenomic analysis showed a conserved community dominated by Brevibacillus, with fragmentation-dependent shifts. Brevibacillus and Clostridium enriched in ultracentrifugally milled samples, while Priestia was associated with mixer-milled particles. Bradyrhizobium remained stable despite variations in chlorophyll levels, suggesting a fragmentation-dependent metabolic shift. Plastic-degrading gene profiles mirrored biofilm trends, with oxidative enzymes (laccases and peroxidases) predominating. Spectroscopic and microscopic analysis confirmed functionalization and morphological differences, while density and crystallinity measurements revealed structural changes associated with colonization. These results emphasize the importance of surface properties in the preparation of test materials for microplastic analysis, which depends on the type of polymer and fragmentation method and influences microbial attachment and aging processes. Selection of fragmentation techniques therefore affect microplastic behavior, interactions, and environmental fate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c03742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T04:30:07Z","timestamp":1788323407000},"page":"25701-25715","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence\nof Fragmentation\nTechniques on the Biotic\nAging of Test Microplastics"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Klun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , Vec\u030cna pot 113 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Ducoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brescia & INSTM RU of Brescia , , Via Branze 38 , ,","place":["Brescia, Italy, 25123"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Starin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , Vec\u030cna pot 113 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janja","family":"Novak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , Vec\u030cna pot 113 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Vaccari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , , Via Emilia Parmense 84 , ,","place":["Piacenza, Italy, 29122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Puglisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , , Via Emilia Parmense 84 , ,","place":["Piacenza, Italy, 29122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ula","family":"Rozman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , Vec\u030cna pot 113 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natas\u030ca","family":"C\u030celan Koros\u030cin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , Vec\u030cna pot 113 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8254-2975","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Kalc\u030ci\u0301kova\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , Vec\u030cna pot 113 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7118-8766","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefania","family":"Federici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brescia & INSTM RU of Brescia , , Via Branze 38 , ,","place":["Brescia, Italy, 25123"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091511105309500_cit1","volume-title":"A Scientific\nPerspective On Microplastics In Nature And\nSociety","author":"SAPEA.","year":"2019"},{"issue":"6550","key":"2026091511105309500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg5433","article-title":"The Global Threat from\nPlastic Pollution","volume":"373","author":"MacLeod","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026091511105309500_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116574","article-title":"\u201cMicroplastic\nCommunities\u201d\nin Different Environments: Differences, Links, and Role of Diversity\nIndex in Source Analysis","volume":"188","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091511105309500_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0308-0","article-title":"Ecology of the Plastisphere","volume":"18","author":"Amaral-Zettler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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