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The effects of a wide range of contaminants on individuals have been extensively studied within the discipline of ecotoxicology, but understanding the generality of species\u2019 responses across taxa and ecosystems remains a major challenge. This is because such responses are shaped by ecophysiological, geographic, and evolutionary factors, dimensions that ecotoxicology has not been able to fully capture on its own. While these dimensions are frequently explored in macroecological studies, such research rarely considers environmental contamination as a variable capable of influencing species occurrence and distribution patterns. Here, we explore the potential of macroecotoxicology as a subdiscipline capable of integrating the core principles of both ecotoxicology and macroecology. By benefiting from recent advances in these disciplines, macroecotoxicological research would allow us to scale responses from individual organisms\u2019 sensitivity up to broader patterns of species distribution and ecosystem response, contributing to the development of predictive frameworks for biodiversity change in a rapidly transforming world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c05561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T14:36:04Z","timestamp":1785854164000},"page":"22186-22193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unraveling\nContaminant Effects on Biodiversity across\nSpatial, Temporal, and Biological Scales: The Macroecotoxicology Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2571-1207","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriel M.","family":"Moulatlet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ecologi\u0301a , , A.C. - INECOL , , ,","place":["Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, 91073"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana V.","family":"Capparelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMDEA Water Institute , Alcala\u0301 de Henares , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain, 28805"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela M.","family":"Truchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecosystems, Biodiversity, Evolution, Universite\u0301 de Rennes , , ,","place":["Rennes, France, 35000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1820-4218","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andreu","family":"Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Valencia , , C\/Catedra\u0300tic Jose\u0301 Beltra\u0301n Martinez 2 , , ,","place":["Paterna, Vale\u0300ncia, Spain, 46980"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabricio","family":"Villalobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ecologi\u0301a , , A.C. - INECOL , , ,","place":["Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, 91073"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2026081810415014500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3240","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.16689","article-title":"Addressing Chemical Pollution in\nBiodiversity Research","volume":"29","author":"Sigmund","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob. 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Technol."},{"key":"2026081810415014500_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003069973-13","article-title":"Community Responses\nof Stream Organisms to Heavy Metals: A Review of Observational and\nExperimental Approaches","volume-title":"Metal Ecotoxicology","author":"Clements","year":"2020"},{"issue":"108999","key":"2026081810415014500_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108999","article-title":"A Conceptual Framework for Landscape-Based Environmental Risk Assessment\n(ERA) of Pesticides","volume":"191","author":"Tarazona","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"2026081810415014500_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2011.11.011","article-title":"Ecotoxicology and Macroecology--Time\nfor Integration","volume":"162","author":"Beketov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. 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Pollut."},{"key":"2026081810415014500_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12668","article-title":"Two-current Choice Flumes for Testing\nAvoidance and\nPreference in Aquatic Animals","volume":"8","author":"Jutfelt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Ecol.\nEvol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081810415014500_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.5c00042","article-title":"Advancing\nthe Spatiotemporal Dimension of Wildlife-Pollution Interactions","volume":"12","author":"Brand","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081810415014500_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3118","DOI":"10.1093\/etojnl\/vgaf190","article-title":"The Extended Chemical\nDefensome: Emphasizing Mechanisms of Defense as Key Research Avenues\nto Tackle Priority Questions in Environmental Toxicology","volume":"44","author":"Franco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081810415014500_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3842","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b06494","article-title":"Omics Advances in\nEcotoxicology","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. 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Total Environ."},{"key":"2026081810415014500_cit51","volume-title":"Macroecology","author":"Brown","year":"1995","edition":"2"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081810415014500_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2017.02.002","article-title":"Functional Rarity:\nThe Ecology of Outliers","volume":"32","author":"Violle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"114088","key":"2026081810415014500_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2022.114088","article-title":"Ecological Traits Influence the Bioaccumulation\nof Microplastics in Commercially Important Estuarine Crabs from the\nSoutheastern Gulf of Mexico","volume":"183","author":"Capparelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"2026081810415014500_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(94)90281-X","article-title":"The Assessment\nof Bioaccumulation","volume":"29","author":"Franke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"100554","key":"2026081810415014500_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hazadv.2024.100554","article-title":"Pollution Biomarkers in Latin American\nand Caribbean Marine Environments: A Review to Identify Gaps in Passive\nBiomonitoring Studies","volume":"17","author":"Truchet","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater. 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