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Herein, quaternized NF (QPIP-NF) membranes were fabricated via piperazine (PIP) quaternization to simultaneously enhance antibiofouling performance and perm-selectivity. Compared with PIP-NF membranes, QPIP-NF membranes exhibited 1.4-fold higher pure water permeance, slightly increased Na2SO4 rejection, and 1.4-fold higher water\/Na2SO4 selectivity, owing to increased surface roughness, reduced polyamide thickness, and improved size-sieving. Furthermore, QPIP-NF membranes also exhibited a 91% improvement in antibacterial efficiency against Escherichia coli and a 48% enhancement in dynamic antibiofouling performance. Kit-based measurements of key bacterial enzyme activities and reactive-species levels, postfouling antibacterial evaluations, and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses of live\/dead cell distributions and biofilm thickness on the membrane surface collectively revealed the antibiofouling mechanism of the QPIP-NF membrane through inhibition of biofilm formation via surface bactericidal activity. Specifically, QPIP-NF membranes inhibited catalase, superoxide dismutase, DNA gyrase, and Na+\/K+-ATPase activities while inducing excessive intracellular generation of H2O2 and superoxide anions, thereby ensuring lasting antibacterial activity in the near-membrane region and achieving excellent antibiofouling performance. Our study provides a new avenue for the design of antibiofouling NF membranes with improved perm-selectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c05832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:45:55Z","timestamp":1788583555000},"page":"26777-26789","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Monomer Quaternization\nEnables Antibiofouling and\nSuperior Perm-selectivity of Nanofiltration Membranes for Sustainable\nWater Purification"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yana","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bozhan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8971-6838","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruobin","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6729-2237","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210114946600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28183-1","article-title":"Polyamide-based membranes with structural homogeneity for ultrafast\nmolecular sieving","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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