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Anthracene-based probes (ABDA and DPA) have emerged as attractive tools for 1O2 detection, offering a promising alternative to conventional detection approaches. However, our results demonstrate that conventional ABDA\/DPA analyses based on optical signal attenuation and mass-based assignment are not sufficiently specific. Non-1O2 oxidants in AOPs, including \u2022OH, SO4\u2022\u2013, Fe(IV), and electron-transfer processes, produce similar optical responses and generate isomeric oxidation products that cannot be reliably distinguished from authentic 1O2-derived endoperoxides (ABDAO2 and DPAO2) by nominal mass matching or commonly used MRM transitions alone. To resolve this critical ambiguity, we establish reference-based LC-MS\/MS fingerprints from well-characterized 1O2 generation systems, enabling discrimination of authentic 1O2-derived endoperoxides from structurally related oxidation products in AOPs. We further develop a semiquantitative framework that correlates endoperoxide formation with 1O2 generation, enabling semiquantitative assessment of 1O2 formation in oxidative systems. This work establishes a more defensible evidentiary framework for anthracene-probe-based 1O2 detection and mechanistic attribution, enabling more reliable identification of 1O2 involvement in oxidative systems relevant to water treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c07713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:03:54Z","timestamp":1789502634000},"page":"27486-27498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Critical Reassessment of Anthracene Probes for Singlet\nOxygen Detection in AOPs through Reference-Based LC-MS\/MS Fingerprinting"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4945-5482","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhui","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2751-483X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2660-0798","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5087-3972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinxing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0903-5547","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbin Institute of Technology , , ,","place":["Harbin, China, 150090"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0890-8705","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong University of Technology , , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510006"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026092909075598800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50240-0","article-title":"Tuning\nElectronic Structure of Metal-Free Dual-Site Catalyst Enables\nExclusive Singlet Oxygen Production and in-Situ Utilization","volume":"15","author":"Gu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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