{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:44:02Z","timestamp":1792784642109,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20242036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20242036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3807401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3807401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013139","name":"Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23YJCZH119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YJCZH119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["32371940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32371940"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urban green space (UGS) is a promising nature-based solution for cardiovascular health, yet its associative pathways in pollution-saturated, high-density environments remain contested. We applied a two-stage framework combining gradient boosting decision trees and structural equation modeling to a clinical cohort of 23,312 patients in Nanjing, China. Air-quality-related pathways accounted for more than 75% of the relative statistical contribution to model variance, exceeding psychological restoration proxies. At the macroscale, the aggregated air-quality pathway showed a marginal positive coefficient; although this may conceptually resemble aerodynamic interference, the interpretation remains speculative because no morphological or fluid-dynamics data were available. Stage 2 models identified distinct protective associative networks. For chronic ischemic heart disease, vegetation vitality was inversely associated with NO2 and SO2 and was linked to more favorable metabolic markers. For heart failure, the vegetation condition was associated with mixed pollutants and hemodynamic-metabolic indicators. Age-stratified analyses suggested heterogeneity in canopy density-PM2.5 associations, but subgroup slopes were nonsignificant, and effect sizes were extremely small, indicating fragile relative fluctuations rather than structural reversal. These findings characterize UGS primarily as a biophysical modulator and support targeted ecological strategies in traffic corridors and aging communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c08296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:01:53Z","timestamp":1788512513000},"page":"26246-26257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Age-Dependent\nHeterogeneity\nTrends in the Associations\nbetween Urban Green Space and Cardiovascular Health in a Humid-Subtropical\nMegacity"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Chengkang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Forestry University , , No. 159, Longpan Road , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210037"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Forestry University , , No. 159, Longpan Road , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210037"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210008"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3265-5944","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lina","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210008"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210008"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southeast University , , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210096"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajie","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Forestry University , , No. 159, Longpan Road , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210037"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9872-8734","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huilin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Forestry University , , No. 159, Longpan Road , ,","place":["Nanjing, China, 210037"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"25","key":"2026092210094698100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019:\nUpdate From the GBD 2019 Study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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Cardiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026092210094698100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaf119","article-title":"A comprehensive review\/expert statement on\nenvironmental risk factors\nof cardiovascular disease","volume":"121","author":"Mu\u0308nzel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"2026092210094698100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae001","article-title":"Exposome in ischaemic\nheart disease: beyond traditional risk factors","volume":"45","author":"Montone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. 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Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026092210094698100_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3390\/f11050591","article-title":"When Urban Environment\nIs Restorative: The Effect of Walking in Suburbs\nand Forests on Psychological and Physiological Relaxation of Young\nPolish Adults","volume":"11","author":"Janeczko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Forests"},{"key":"2026092210094698100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116971","article-title":"A review of strategies\nfor mitigating roadside air pollution in urban\nstreet canyons","volume":"280","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"2026092210094698100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2022.109763","article-title":"High resolution wind-tunnel\ninvestigation about the effect of street\ntrees on pollutant concentration and street canyon ventilation","volume":"226","author":"Fellini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"2026092210094698100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12506","article-title":"Impact of environmental factors on heart failure decompensations","volume":"6","author":"Escolar","year":"2019","journal-title":"ESC Heart Failure"},{"key":"2026092210094698100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-environ-111523-102159","article-title":"Prioritizing Nature-Based Solutions and Technological Innovations\nto Accelerate Urban Heat Mitigation Pathways","volume":"50","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Environ. 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