{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:06:37Z","timestamp":1788876397196,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004921","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024XYJG0001-01-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024XYJG0001-01-04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The iron and steel industry is central to industrial decarbonization and air-quality improvement, yet the energy-industrial conditions shaping these outcomes remain insufficiently understood. We develop a unit-level emission database for China\u2019s steel industry, covering 2866 enterprises and \u223c4030 units, to relate regional energy-industrial configurations to historical driving mechanisms and future mitigation priorities. The sector\u2019s CO2 emissions peaked at 1.99 gigatonnes in 2019, while SO2 and PM declined by more than 80% during 2011\u20132022. Over 2023\u20132050, production restraint provides the largest projected cumulative CO2 reductions (22.1%), whereas obsolete capacity retirement dominates air pollutant (AP) reductions (22.3%). These priorities vary across regional configurations, exemplified by the greater relevance of process upgrading and capacity restructuring in high-intensity regions. Combined mitigation could lower CO2 intensity to below 1.5 t\/t by 2030 and \u223c0.6 t\/t by 2050. Regionally differentiated pathways may also induce spatial emission leakage, more strongly for CO2 than for APs, although the CO2 leakage ratio declines from 17.39% in 2030 to 2.38% in 2050. Air-quality responses are similarly uneven, with national mean AP concentrations in 2030 decreasing by 5.4\u201312.3% relative to 2022. The findings suggest that long-process-dependent steel economies require sequenced, regionally differentiated transitions beyond uniform short-process substitution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c08461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:36:09Z","timestamp":1788266169000},"page":"24661-24675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Coupled Energy-Industrial\nTransitions Shape Heterogeneous\nCarbon-Air Pollution Cobenefits and Spatial Emission Leakage in China\u2019s\nSteel Industry"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0566-5219","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiahong","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200240"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China National Environmental Monitoring Center , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Environmental Monitor Center , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200235"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China National Environmental Monitoring Center , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Environmental Monitor Center , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200235"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qizhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Normal University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200234"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6763-0520","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zechen","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, China, 310024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China National Environmental Monitoring Center , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, China, 310024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deming","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,","place":["Hangzhou, China, 310024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China National Environmental Monitoring Center , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinping","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200240"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090809064657800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22245-6","article-title":"Efficiency stagnation in global steel\nproduction urges joint supply- and demand-side mitigation efforts","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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