{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:15:19Z","timestamp":1788221719769,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014748","name":"Clarendon Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High photosynthetic yields and the ability to grow without fresh water make microalgae interesting mechanisms for carbon dioxide removal (CDR). We characterize two CDR systems which grow microalgae in seawater in coastal deserts\u2500microalgal bioenergy with carbon capture and storage and microalgal biomass burial\u2500and evaluate their potential when using carbon sourced from the atmosphere or ocean to meet CDR objectives via a comparison with direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS). By deriving and validating a theoretical model of chemically enhanced carbon dioxide mass transfer, we identify the importance of gas\u2013liquid mass transfer into raceway ponds as limiting microalgal productivities and determining technoeconomic viability. Our analysis shows that, while microalgal CDR cannot compete with DACCS in the areal productivity of removals, net removal costs with marine carbon supply are only slightly higher than DACCS with prospects for parity. Though such outcomes may not yet support the use of microalgal biomass for CDR, the carbon supply apparatuses outlined and the theoretical models accompanying them can inform ongoing research into microalgal cultivation without carbon addition for diverse applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6c08729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T16:03:41Z","timestamp":1786550621000},"page":"23231-23244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Potential of Microalgal\nBiomass Production in Coastal\nDeserts for Carbon Dioxide Removal"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5584-5441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"William","family":"Leonard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford , , ,","place":["Oxford, U.K., OX1 3PJ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale D.","family":"McClure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brunel University of London , , ,","place":["London, U.K., UB8 3PH"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7689-2832","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kok Siew","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brunel University of London , , ,","place":["London, U.K., UB8 3PH"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5974-247X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aidong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford , , ,","place":["Oxford, U.K., OX1 3PJ"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083119445107700_cit1","unstructured":"Core Writing Team; et al.; Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report.\nContribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment\nReport of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 184, 2023. https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/sixth-assessment-report-cycle\/ (accessed May 01, 2025)."},{"key":"2026083119445107700_cit2","unstructured":"An advance market\ncommitment to accelerate carbon removal, Frontier. https:\/\/frontierclimate.com (accessed May 01, 2025)."},{"key":"2026083119445107700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-024-01808-7","article-title":"Durability of carbon dioxide removal\nis critical for Paris climate goals","volume":"5","author":"Brunner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun.\nEarth Environ."},{"key":"2026083119445107700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oneear.2024.08.009","article-title":"Understanding\nland-based carbon dioxide\nremoval in the context of the Rio Conventions","volume":"7","author":"Dooley","year":"2024","journal-title":"One Earth"},{"key":"2026083119445107700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9118","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53466-0","article-title":"Over-reliance\non land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges","volume":"15","author":"Dooley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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