{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:08:18Z","timestamp":1790834898543,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,11]],"date-time":"2018-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES24344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES24344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004352","name":"DuPont","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mercury-contaminated sediment and water contain various Hg species, with a small fraction available for microbial conversion to the bioaccumulative neurotoxin monomethylmercury (MeHg). Quantification of this available Hg pool is needed to prioritize sites for risk management. This study compared the efficacy of diffusive gradient in thin-film (DGT) passive samplers to a thiol-based selective extraction method with glutathione (GSH) and conventional filtration (&amp;lt;0.2 \u03bcm) as indicators of Hg bioavailability. Anaerobic sediment slurry microcosms were amended with isotopically labeled inorganic Hg \u201cendmembers\u201d (dissolved Hg2+, Hg-humic acid, Hg-sorbed to FeS, HgS nanoparticles) with a known range of bioavailability and methylation potentials. Net MeHg production (expressed as percent of total Hg as MeHg) over 1 week correlated with mass accumulation of Hg endmembers on the DGTs and only sometimes correlated with the 0.2 \u03bcm filter passing Hg fraction and the GSH-extractable Hg fraction. These results suggest for the first time that inorganic Hg uptake in DGTs may indicate bioavailability for methylating microbes. Moreover, the methylating microbial community assessed by hgcA gene abundance was not always consistent with methylation rates between the experiments, indicating that knowledge of the methylating community should target the transcript or protein level. Altogether, these results suggest that DGTs could be used to quantify the bioavailable Hg fraction as part of a method to assess net MeHg production potential in the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b00647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T17:59:15Z","timestamp":1529431155000},"page":"8521-8529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Quantification\nof Mercury Bioavailability for Methylation\nUsing Diffusive Gradient in Thin-Film Samplers"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Udonna","family":"Ndu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University , , Box 90287, , ,","place":["Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27708"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoff A.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, , ,","place":["Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States, 37831-6036"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5549-3939","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nelson A.","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University , , Box 90287, , ,","place":["Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27708"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin M.","family":"Gionfriddo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, , ,","place":["Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States, 37831-6036"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0639-7865","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marc A.","family":"Deshusses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University , , Box 90287, , ,","place":["Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27708"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4469-6391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dwayne A.","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory , , P.O. Box 2008, MS-6036, , ,","place":["Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States, 37831-6036"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0675-4308","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heileen","family":"Hsu-Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University , , Box 90287, , ,","place":["Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27708"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-017-1006-7","article-title":"Challenges\nand opportunities for\nmanaging aquatic mercury pollution in altered landscapes","volume":"47","author":"Hsu-Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-017-1011-x","article-title":"Modulators\nof mercury risk to wildlife and humans in the context of rapid global\nchange","volume":"47","author":"Eagles-Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"issue":"6125","key":"2026090303300492300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1230667","article-title":"The genetic\nbasis for bacterial mercury methylation","volume":"339","author":"Parks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6325","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01556-13","article-title":"Mercury methylation\nby the methanogen Methanospirillum hungatei","volume":"79","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. 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Sci.\nTechnol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090303300492300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.07.080","article-title":"Development of the\nDGT technique for Hg measurement in water: comparison of three different\ntypes of samplers in laboratory assays","volume":"85","author":"Fernandez-Gomez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.11.077","article-title":"Biomonitoring\nand assessment of monomethylmercury exposure in aqueous systems using\nthe DGT technique","volume":"416","author":"Clarisse","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. 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Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090303300492300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1071\/EN14105","article-title":"Use of diffusive gradients\nin thin-films for studies\nof chemical speciation and bioavailability","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environmental Chemistry"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090303300492300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12897","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b02774","article-title":"Influence of Sulfide\nNanoparticles on Dissolved Mercury and Zinc Quantification by Diffusive\nGradient in Thin-Film Passive Samplers","volume":"49","author":"Pham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ.\nSci. 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Environ.\nMicrobiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090303300492300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13023","article-title":"Every base matters: assessing small\nsubunit rRNA primers for marine microbiomes with mock communities,\ntime series and global field samples","volume":"18","author":"Parada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ.\nMicrobiol."},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-38","article-title":"Removing\nnoise from pyrosequenced amplicons","volume":"12","author":"Quince","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090303300492300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.f.303","article-title":"QIIME allows analysis\nof high-throughput community sequencing data","volume":"7","author":"Caporaso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. 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Pollut.\nBull."},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27958","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27958","article-title":"Dimethylmercury\nFormation Mediated\nby Inorganic and Organic Reduced Sulfur Surfaces","volume":"6","author":"Jonsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01189798","article-title":"Volatilization of\ndimethylmercury and elemental mercury from River Elbe floodplain soils","volume":"80","author":"Wallschla\u0308ger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Water, Air, Soil Pollut."},{"key":"2026090303300492300_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EM00533D","article-title":"Emerging investigator series: Methylmercury\nSpeciation and Dimethylmercury Production in Sulfidic Solutions","volume":"20","author":"Kanzler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. 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