{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:03:26Z","timestamp":1792101806349,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560729600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560729600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560729600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004739","name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004739","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21737003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21737003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41571446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41571446"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Province","award":["SXBR9171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SXBR9171"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011150","name":"State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PCRRF17020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCRRF17020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Sci. Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b01474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T09:43:11Z","timestamp":1560764591000},"page":"8177-8186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":571,"title":["Formation of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals on Microplastics under Light Irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Kecheng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9838-2881","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hanzhong","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8104-6964","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tianjiao","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuetao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1085-9946","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tiecheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9318-7940","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lingyan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2016.07.004"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.07.025"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.02.031"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2009.04.025"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-326X(91)90444-W"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(87)80019-X"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7\/cit7","first-page":"28","volume":"1","author":"Bouchentouf S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. Biol. Teach."},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EM00188A"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0205"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.01.006"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es302011r"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.08.041"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","volume-title":"The Impacts of Microplastics on Zooplankton","author":"Cole M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.07.103"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es504525u"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2013.02.031"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es302332w"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2010.09.026"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es401932b"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2014.12.021"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b00183"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.10.012"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.05.036"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2015.12.003"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es071737s"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.05.030"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2016.04.048"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.12.059"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.022"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2014.02.012"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es8022978"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6301009"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es071708h"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx010050x"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b00527"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b05453"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201400079"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es4048126"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b04314"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01521"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701665517"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es201309c"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref43\/cit43","first-page":"1008","volume":"29","author":"Han L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Chem."},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es401770y"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b00425"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.01.082"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EM00207A"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1983-0229","volume-title":"The Effects of Hostile Environments on Coatings and Plastics","author":"Garner D. P.","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.02.079"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.12.019"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(89)90095-6"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b03583"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:HIEC.0000041340.45217.bd"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b00599"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01929"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.09.019"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-50532008000300007"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.1984.0320411"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.198204011"},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proci.2006.07.172"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b00828"},{"key":"ref62\/cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es401767m"},{"key":"ref63\/cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2009.12.026"},{"key":"ref64\/cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b01487"},{"key":"ref65\/cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tca.2008.04.013"},{"key":"ref66\/cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-2-398"},{"key":"ref67\/cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.36307"},{"key":"ref68\/cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.1992.080301302"},{"key":"ref69\/cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00117a038"},{"key":"ref70\/cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2017.02.010"},{"key":"ref71\/cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.7b00447"},{"key":"ref72\/cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b02661"},{"key":"ref73\/cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-3057(99)00175-5"},{"key":"ref74\/cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-3057(95)00095-X"},{"key":"ref75\/cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-3057(97)00169-9"},{"key":"ref76\/cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.10645"},{"key":"ref77\/cit77","unstructured":"Ranby, B. G.; Rabek, J. F.\n                      Photodegradation, Photo-Oxidation and Photostabilization of Polymers: Principles and Applications\n                      ;Wiley, 1975; pp 28\u201343."},{"key":"ref78\/cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.11.103"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science & Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acs.est.9b01474","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T13:10:33Z","timestamp":1681477833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.9b01474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acs.est.9b01474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.9b01474","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-936X","1520-5851"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-936X","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-5851","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]}}}