{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:59:11Z","timestamp":1791845951851,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"47","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccbyncnd_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008161","name":"College of Agricultural and Life Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Elites Scholarship Council"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a host receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Inhibiting the interaction between the envelope spike glycoproteins (S-proteins) of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 is a potential antiviral therapeutic approach, but little is known about how dietary compounds interact with ACE2. The objective of this study was to determine if flavonoids and other polyphenols with B-ring 3\u2032,4\u2032-hydroxylation inhibit recombinant human (rh)ACE2 activity. rhACE2 activity was assessed with the fluorogenic substrate Mca-APK(Dnp). Polyphenols reduced rhACE2 activity by 15\u201366% at 10 \u03bcM. Rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, tamarixetin, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid inhibited rhACE2 activity by 42\u201348%. Quercetin was the most potent rhACE2 inhibitor among the polyphenols tested, with an IC50 of 4.48 \u03bcM. Thus, quercetin, its metabolites, and polyphenols with 3\u2032,4\u2032-hydroxylation inhibited rhACE2 activity at physiologically relevant concentrations in vitro.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c05064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T10:27:57Z","timestamp":1605176877000},"page":"13982-13989","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Quercetin and Its Metabolites Inhibit Recombinant\nHuman Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Activity"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Xiaocao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510640"]},{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison , , 1605 Linden Drive , , ,","place":["Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53706"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruma","family":"Raghuvanshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison , , 1605 Linden Drive , , ,","place":["Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53706"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Duygu","family":"Ceylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison , , 1605 Linden Drive , , ,","place":["Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53706"]},{"name":"Istanbul Technical University , , , ,","place":["Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey, 34469"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4222-2467","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bradley W.","family":"Bolling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin-Madison , , 1605 Linden Drive , , ,","place":["Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53706"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090313574229600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/307315","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: the first decade","volume":"2012","author":"Clarke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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