{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:49:49Z","timestamp":1792590589631,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"41","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-I2M-TS-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-I2M-TS-013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7244470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7244470"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82574301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82574301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The pharmacological activity of protopanaxadiol (PPD) can be enhanced by oxidative modification. Compared with chemical synthesis and biotransformation, synthetic biology offers a more efficient and eco-friendly approach for modifying PPD. In this study, we identified two oxidases from Mucor spinosus. MsSDR3 oxidizes C3-OH of both dammarenediol-II and PPD to a ketone, while MsCYP3 oxidizes C12-OH of PPD to a ketone and hydroxylates PPD at C7\u03b2, C15\u03b1, and C11\u03b2 positions. Combining MsSDR3\/MsCYP3 with the enzymes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis, we achieved de novo biosynthesis of seven ginsenoside aglycone analogues in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pharmacological evaluation indicated that 12-oxo-15\u03b1-hydroxy-protopanaxadiol (p3) showed higher anticolon cancer activity, and 7\u03b2-hydroxy-protopanaxadiol (p6) exhibited not only higher anticolon, antigastric, antiliver, antilung, and antipancreatic cancer activities but also higher cardioprotective activity than PPD. Our work establishes a green and sustainable platform for producing active ginsenoside aglycone analogues, paving the way for the development of drugs and functional foods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c08774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:01:43Z","timestamp":1789477303000},"page":"32502-32513","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biosynthesis of\nActive Ginsenoside Aglycone Analogues\nUsing Two Oxidases Mined from\n                    <i>Mucor spinosus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9748-150X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yu","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Man","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Han","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3274-6064","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tian-Jiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3165-3720","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jin-Ling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100050"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2026102109074153600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-017-8279-4","article-title":"A literature update elucidating production\nof Panax ginsenosides with a special focus on strategies\nenriching the anti-neoplastic minor ginsenosides in ginseng preparations","volume":"101","author":"Biswas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. 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