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In this study, eight new cyclohexenyl chalcones, rotundatins A\u2013H (1\u20138), were purified from the edible rhizome of Boesenbergia rotunda. Their chemical structures were established through analyses of 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESIMS, and DP4+ calculations. Notably, rotundatin A features an unprecedented oxocan-4-one ring system, and rotundatins B and E incorporate hydroperoxide moieties. All isolated cyclohexenyl chalcones were evaluated for cytotoxicity against HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, with 2, 9, 10, 12, and 14 showing antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 13.87\u201354.61 \u03bcM) compared with 5-fluorouracil as a positive control (IC50 = 10.32 \u03bcM). Morphological analysis and live\/dead fluorescence staining supported membrane damage and cell death. Western blotting showed caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage, indicating apoptosis-related cell death. Together, these findings highlighted the potential of food-derived cyclohexenyl chalcones as potential candidates for anticancer activity against colorectal malignancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5c15267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T17:02:31Z","timestamp":1786640551000},"page":"26155-26166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["LC-MS- and Bioactivity-Guided\nDiscovery of Novel Cyclohexenyl\nChalcones from the Edible Rhizomes of\n                    <i>Boesenbergia rotunda<\/i>\n                    and Evaluation of Their Anticancer Activities\nagainst Colorectal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Youngsang","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo-Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , , ,","place":["Cheongju si, Chungcheong-buk-do, South Korea, 28116"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Yoon","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Seo","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeo Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeon-Jeong","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun La","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na Kyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8696-2949","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seoung Rak","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pusan National University , , ,","place":["Busan, Republic of Korea, 46241"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2026090104470698300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(01)00451-4","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory\ncyclohexenyl chalcone derivatives in Boesenbergia pandurata","volume":"59","author":"Tuchinda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090104470698300_cit2","first-page":"739","article-title":"new compound from the rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata","volume":"13","author":"Van Do","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat.\nProd. 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